LOCOMOTIVES Act

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Bill ID: 119/hr/3194
Last Updated: September 15, 2026

Sponsored by

Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

ID: M001194

Follow the money

The bill

LOCOMOTIVES Act

HR. 3194, 119th Congress — read as touching Surface Transportation.

The sponsor

Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$131,950 raised

30 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

85% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Environmental Protection Agency" section, p. 458-460 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee by Voice Vote.

July 13, 2026

Introduced

Committee Review

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill moves to the floor for full chamber debate and voting.

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another masterpiece of legislative theater, courtesy of the geniuses in Congress. The LOCOMOTIVES Act, because who doesn't love a good acronym? Let's dissect this trainwreck (pun intended) and expose the underlying disease: corporate greed and regulatory capture.

The bill amends the Clean Air Act to prohibit state standards for controlling emissions from existing locomotives and engines. Because, you know, states are just too darn competent and need to be reined in by their betters in Washington. The real motivation here is to let the railroad industry off the hook for cleaning up its act (or should I say, its exhaust?). It's a classic case of "regulatory relief" – code for "we're going to let our corporate friends pollute more and make more money."

The affected industries are obvious: railroads, locomotive manufacturers, and anyone who benefits from lax emissions standards. The compliance requirements are laughable, with timelines that are about as realistic as a politician's promise to balance the budget. Enforcement mechanisms? Ha! Don't make me laugh. The penalties will be so watered down that they'll be nothing more than a slap on the wrist – or rather, a gentle pat on the back for our corporate friends.

The economic and operational impacts are predictable: more pollution, more health problems, and more profits for the railroad industry. It's a win-win for everyone... except the environment, public health, and anyone who actually cares about the future of this planet. But hey, who needs clean air when you can have more efficient profit margins?

In medical terms, this bill is a classic case of " legislative lupus" – a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the corporate wallet, accompanied by symptoms of regulatory capture, corruption, and utter disregard for the public interest. The prognosis? Terminal stupidity, with a side of catastrophic environmental damage. But hey, at least the railroad industry will be happy... until the planet melts down, that is.

Related Topics

Water & Air Quality RegulationsEnergy Production & ConservationTransportation & Infrastructure
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$131,950
26 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$39,550
Committees
$0
Individuals
$92,400

No PAC contributions found

1
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
3 transactions
$6,600
2
SHINGLE SPRINGS BAND OF MIWOK INDIANS
2 transactions
$5,800
3
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
1 transaction
$3,300
4
PECHANGA BAND OF INDIANS
1 transaction
$3,300
5
POKAGON BAND OF POTAWATOMI INDIANS
1 transaction
$3,300
6
SAGINAW CHIPPEWA INDIAN TRIBE TRIBAL OPERATIONS
1 transaction
$3,300
7
NOTTAWASEPPI HURON BAND OF THE POTAWATOMI
1 transaction
$3,300
8
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
2 transactions
$3,000
9
SAULT STE. MARIE TRIBE CHIPPEWA INDIANS
1 transaction
$2,900
10
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
1 transaction
$2,500
11
THE CHICKASAW NATION
1 transaction
$2,000
12
GRANT CONSULTING GROUP LLC
1 transaction
$250

No committee contributions found

1
HIBMA, DANIEL T.
1 transaction
$6,600
2
CAMERON, RONALD M.
1 transaction
$6,600
3
KENNEDY III, JOHN C.
1 transaction
$6,600
4
LYNCH, JON J.
1 transaction
$6,600
5
DEVOS, DANIEL G.
1 transaction
$6,600
6
DEVOS, DOUGLAS L.
1 transaction
$6,600
7
DEVOS, ELISABETH
1 transaction
$6,600
8
DEVOS, MARIA P.
1 transaction
$6,600
9
DEVOS, PAMELLA G.
1 transaction
$6,600
10
DEVOS, RICHARD M. JR.
1 transaction
$6,600
11
DEVOS, SUZANNE C.
1 transaction
$6,600
12
EHMANN, STEPHEN L.
1 transaction
$6,600
13
MYLER, PAMELA H.
1 transaction
$6,600
14
KEPLER, DAVID E. II
1 transaction
$6,600

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Obernolte, Jay [R-CA-23]

ID: O000019

Top Contributors

34

1
PECHANGA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS
OrganizationTEMECULA, CA
$3,300
Dec 18, 2023
2
AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
OrganizationPALM SPRINGS, CA
$3,300
Nov 11, 2024
3
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$3,300
Mar 31, 2024
4
AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
OrganizationPALM SPRINGS, CA
$3,300
Jun 6, 2023
5
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$3,300
Jun 20, 2023
6
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$3,300
Jun 6, 2023
7
SYCUAN BAND OF THE KUMEYAAY NATION
OrganizationEL CAJON, CA
$3,300
Apr 14, 2023
8
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationLOS ANGELES, CA
$3,300
Sep 30, 2023
9
SYCUAN BAND OF THE KUMEYAAY NATION
OrganizationEL CAJON, CA
$3,300
Sep 16, 2024
10
SHINGLE SPRINGS BAND OF MIWOK INDIANS
OrganizationPLACERVILLE, CA
$2,000
Oct 24, 2023

Rep. Goldman, Craig A. [R-TX-12]

ID: G000601

Top Contributors

22

1
ALLEN BOONE HUMPHRIES ROBINSON LLP
OrganizationHOUSTON, TX
$3,300
Dec 21, 2023
2
THE CHICKASAW NATION
OrganizationADA, OK
$3,300
May 23, 2024
3
BENDA, ROBERT D.
WESTWOOD CONTRACTORS INC. • CEO
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Nov 9, 2023
4
BENDA, ROBERT D.
WESTWOOD CONTRACTORS INC. • CEO
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Nov 9, 2023
5
CAMPBELL, CODY
DOUBLE EAGLE ENERGY • FOUNDER AND CO-CEO
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Dec 31, 2023
6
CAMPBELL, CODY
DOUBLE EAGLE ENERGY • FOUNDER AND CO-CEO
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Dec 31, 2023
7
HOLM, NELSON
RENEGADE SWISH • PARTNER
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Nov 13, 2023
8
HOLM, NELSON
RENEGADE SWISH • PARTNER
IndividualFORT WORTH, TX
$6,600
Nov 13, 2023
9
KLEINHEINZ, BURKE
WELLTOWER • INVESTMENTS
IndividualDALLAS, TX
$6,600
Dec 21, 2023
10
KLEINHEINZ, BURKE
WELLTOWER • INVESTMENTS
IndividualDALLAS, TX
$6,600
Dec 21, 2023

Rep. Fong, Vince [R-CA-20]

ID: F000480

Top Contributors

21

1
TULE RIVER TRIBAL COUNCIL
OrganizationPORTERVILLE, CA
$3,300
Aug 9, 2024
2
ANDERSON, DARIUS
PLATINUM ADVISORS • LOBBYIST
IndividualSACRAMENTO, CA
$3,300
Oct 23, 2024
3
LEPRINO, TERRY
LEPRINO FOODS • BOARD DIRECTOR
IndividualDENVER, CO
$3,300
Oct 25, 2024
4
HUNTER, KEN
VAQUERO ENERGY • EXECUTIVE
IndividualSANTA YNEZ, CA
$3,300
Oct 31, 2024
5
BAND MIWOK INDIANS, SHINGLE SPRINGS
N/A • N/A
IndividualPLACERVILLE, CA
$3,300
Nov 6, 2024
6
ROJEWSKI, COLE
RBW GROUP • PARTNER
IndividualCLOVIS, CA
$3,300
Dec 11, 2023
7
ROJEWSKI, COLE
RBW GROUP • PARTNER
IndividualCLOVIS, CA
$3,300
Dec 11, 2023
8
EKEGREN, JONATHAN
BARBER HONDA • GENERAL MANAGER
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 12, 2023
9
EKEGREN, JONATHAN
BARBER HONDA • GENERAL MANAGER
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 12, 2023
10
MOJIBI, AMANDA
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 14, 2023

Rep. Johnson, Dusty [R-SD-At Large]

ID: J000301

Top Contributors

53

1
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$3,300
Oct 31, 2023
2
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
OrganizationMARICOPA, AZ
$3,300
Mar 31, 2023
3
CONFEDERATED TRIBES COLVILLE RESERVATION
OrganizationNESPELEM, WA
$3,300
Mar 31, 2024
4
PECHANGA BAND OF INDIANS
OrganizationTEMECULA, CA
$3,300
Mar 31, 2024
5
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$3,300
Jun 24, 2024
6
MIAMI TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA
OrganizationMIAMI, OK
$3,000
Mar 7, 2024
7
PUYALLUP TRIBE OF INDIANS
OrganizationTACOMA, WA
$2,900
Jun 15, 2023
8
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$2,300
Mar 7, 2024
9
EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDIANS
OrganizationCHEROKEE, SC
$2,000
Dec 28, 2023
10
SISSETON-WAHPETON OYATE
OrganizationAGENCY VILLAGE, SD
$2,000
Jan 5, 2023

Rep. Bost, Mike [R-IL-12]

ID: B001295

Top Contributors

27

1
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
OrganizationMARICOPA, AZ
$3,300
Feb 21, 2024
2
AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY
OrganizationMARICOPA, AZ
$3,300
Aug 14, 2024
3
MIAMI TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA
OrganizationMIAMI, OK
$2,000
Aug 14, 2024
4
CAMPBELL FARMS
OrganizationCARMI, IL
$1,500
Sep 19, 2023
5
MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION
OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK
$1,000
Jun 25, 2024
6
MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION
OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK
$500
Jun 25, 2024
7
WAITE, TOMB & EBERLY LLP
OrganizationTROY, OH
$500
Apr 1, 2024
8
EMMET, RICHARD
NONE • RETIRED
IndividualLARCHMONT, NY
$6,600
Nov 21, 2023
9
GILLIAM, RICHARD
CUMBERLAND DEVELOPMENT • MANAGER
IndividualCHARLOTTESVILLE, VA
$6,600
Nov 21, 2023
10
SCHWAB, CHARLES
CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION • CHAIRMAN
IndividualPALM BEACH, FL
$6,600
Dec 19, 2023

Rep. Edwards, Chuck [R-NC-11]

ID: E000246

Top Contributors

20

1
BAUM, ANN
OSAAT ENTERPRISES LLC DBA MCDONALD'S • RESTAURANT OWNER
IndividualCHARLOTTE, NC
$3,300
Dec 21, 2023
2
DUHAMEL, WILLIAM F
ROUTE ONE INVESTMENT COMPANY • PORTFOLIO MANAGER
IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA
$3,300
Dec 15, 2023
3
BELL, JOHN W III
BILTMORE PROPERTY GROUP • MANAGEMENT
IndividualASHEVILLE, NC
$3,300
Oct 21, 2024
4
EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDI, TRIBE
UNINCORP INDIAN TRIBE • UNINCORP INDIAN TRIBE
IndividualCHEROKEE, NC
$3,300
Nov 8, 2024
5
EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDI, TRIBE
UNINCORP INDIAN TRIBE • UNINCORP INDIAN TRIBE
IndividualCHEROKEE, NC
$3,300
Feb 13, 2024
6
POPE, JAMES
VARIETY WHOLESALERS • RETAILER
IndividualRALEIGH, NC
$3,300
Feb 12, 2024
7
SYKES, CLAY
ESG OPERATIONS INC. • PRINCIPAL
IndividualPENROSE, NC
$3,300
Feb 5, 2024
8
SYKES, LISA
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualPENROSE, NC
$3,300
Feb 5, 2024
9
FAISON, JAY
2040 FOUNDATION • DIRECTOR
IndividualCHARLOTTE, NC
$3,300
Mar 4, 2024
10
FAISON, JAY
2040 FOUNDATION • DIRECTOR
IndividualCHARLOTTE, NC
$3,300
Mar 4, 2024

Rep. Crawford, Eric A. "Rick" [R-AR-1]

ID: C001087

Top Contributors

20

1
KAMPETER, MICHAEL MR.
SNK REAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS LLC • PARTNER
IndividualMETA, MO
$3,300
Dec 14, 2023
2
KAMPETER, MICHAEL MR.
SNK REAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS LLC • PARTNER
IndividualMETA, MO
$3,300
Dec 14, 2023
3
SILBEY, ALEXANDER MR.
ATS COMMUNICATIONS • CONSULTANT
IndividualWASHINGTON, DC
$3,300
Jan 24, 2023
4
WALTON, ROB MR.
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualBENTONVILLE, AR
$3,300
Jun 30, 2023
5
HEDGE, BETTY MRS.
HEDGES INC. • OWNER
IndividualPARAGOULD, AR
$3,300
Jun 4, 2024
6
HEDGE, RANDY MR.
HEDGES INC • OWNER
IndividualPARAGOULD, AR
$3,300
Jun 4, 2024
7
DILLARD, DENNIS ALEXANDER MR.
DILLARD'S INC • PRESIDENT
IndividualLITTLE ROCK, AR
$3,300
Sep 17, 2024
8
LAMBERT, RYAN MR.
SELF EMPLOYED • ENTREPRENEUR
IndividualMCLEAN, VA
$3,300
Oct 29, 2024
9
COOPER, JOHN A. MR. III
COOPER COMMUNITIES INC. • PRESIDENT
IndividualROGERS, AR
$3,300
Nov 1, 2024
10
STEPHENS, WARREN A. MR.
STEPHENS INC • PRESIDENT & CEO
IndividualLITTLE ROCK, AR
$3,300
Jul 31, 2023

Rep. Mann, Tracey [R-KS-1]

ID: M000871

Top Contributors

22

1
PRAIRIE BAND POTAWATOMI NATION
OrganizationMAYETTA, KS
$3,300
Jul 18, 2023
2
HABEMATOLEL POMO OF UPPER LAKE
OrganizationUPPER LAKE, CA
$2,500
Sep 9, 2024
3
DEMETREE, MARK
DEMETREE SALT LLC • CEO
IndividualLEAWOOD, KS
$13,200
Nov 3, 2023
4
CORDES, SHANE L.
MIDWEST ATC • CEO
IndividualCHERRY HILLS VILLA, CO
$13,200
Nov 3, 2023
5
FLOYD, MARTIE
SELF-EMPLOYED • FARMER
IndividualJOHNSON, KS
$6,600
Dec 8, 2023
6
HEBENSTREIT, JAMES
BARTLETT AND COMPANY • PRESIDENT
IndividualKANSAS CITY, MO
$6,600
Dec 4, 2023
7
FLOYD, MARTIE
SELF-EMPLOYED • FARMER
IndividualJOHNSON, KS
$6,600
Dec 8, 2023
8
BARTON, TIMOTHY
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualAUSTIN, TX
$6,600
Nov 2, 2023
9
HURD, MATTHEW D.
INSCO • PRESIDENT
IndividualWELLSVILLE, KS
$6,600
Dec 11, 2023
10
OLSEN, LINDSAY
MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST CORPORATION • PRESIDENT
IndividualPRAIRIE VILLAGE, KS
$6,600
Mar 16, 2023

Rep. Graves, Sam [R-MO-6]

ID: G000546

Top Contributors

28

1
CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA
OrganizationDURANT, OK
$3,300
Sep 26, 2024
2
VOLUME TRANSPORTATION
OrganizationCONYERS, GA
$2,000
Aug 28, 2023
3
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationCABAZON, CA
$1,500
Jul 19, 2023
4
NORTHWEST MISSOURI CELLULAR
OrganizationMARYVILLE, MO
$1,000
May 15, 2024
5
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationCABAZON, CA
$1,000
Jan 30, 2024
6
MIDWEST DATA CENTER
OrganizationROCK PORT, MO
$500
Jul 25, 2023
7
MIDWEST DATA CENTER
OrganizationROCK PORT, MO
$500
May 15, 2024
8
DEMOCRACY ENGINE LLC
OrganizationWASHINGTON, DC
$469
Apr 28, 2024
9
BUSCH, AUGUST
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualSAINT LOUIS, MO
$100,000
Oct 31, 2023
10
BUSCH, AUGUST
IndividualSAINT LOUIS, MO
$20,900
Apr 16, 2024

Rep. LaMalfa, Doug [R-CA-1]

ID: L000578

Top Contributors

25

1
CHEROKEE NATION
OrganizationTAHLEQUAH, OK
$3,300
Oct 31, 2024
2
AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
OrganizationPALM SPRINGS, CA
$3,300
Sep 29, 2023
3
LEECH LAKE BAND OF OJIBWE
OrganizationCASS LAKE, MN
$2,000
Nov 4, 2024
4
VANN BROTHERS
UNINCORPORATED • PARTNERSHIP
OrganizationWILLIAMS, CA
$1,500
Jun 27, 2023
5
ONEIDA NATION
OrganizationONEIDA, WI
$1,000
Oct 31, 2024
6
SANTA ROSA RANCHERIA, .
SOVEREIGN NATION • INDIAN TRIBE
IndividualLEMORE, CA
$6,600
May 6, 2024
7
NECHAY, JULIA
N/A • NOT EMPLOYED
IndividualROSEVILLE, CA
$5,000
Oct 26, 2024
8
OSAGE NATION, .
SOVEREIGN NATION • INDIAN TRIBE
IndividualPAWHUSKA, OK
$3,300
Oct 8, 2024
9
MCLAUGHLIN, RANDY
OLD DURHAM WOOD • ORCHARD TEMOVAL
IndividualDURHAM, CA
$3,300
Oct 13, 2024
10
CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA, .
SOVEREIGN NATION • INDIAN TRIBE
IndividualDURANT, OK
$3,300
Oct 16, 2024

Donor Network - Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Loading...

Showing 55 nodes and 59 connections

Total contributions: $59

Top Donors - Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2]

Showing top 25 donors by contribution amount

12 Orgs14 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 helped.

  • Section 2 of the bill prohibits state standards relating to emissions from existing locomotives and engines, which would reduce regulatory burdens on the rail industry, a part of surface transportation (cited in SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON STATE STANDARDS RELATING TO THE CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM EXISTING LOCOMOTIVES AND ENGINES USED IN LOCOMOTIVES).

Who funds the sponsor on these industries

For each industry this bill affects, here's what the sponsor (Rep. Moolenaar, John R. [R-MI-2])received from donors associated with that industry during the 2022–present cycles. Donations are not proof of intent — they are a record of who funds the people writing the law.

Industries this bill HELPS

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Environmental Protection Agency

Strong
Vector: 65%
Pages: 458-460AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The LOCOMOTIVES Act aligns with Project 2025's goal of limiting EPA overreach by preempting state-level emissions standards for locomotives and establishing uniform federal regulation, thereby reducing regulatory complexity and preventing what Project 2025 describes as coercive use of EPA authority."

Key themes:federal preemptionEPA authority limitsuniform national standardsstate regulatory reliefClean Air Act reform

— 425 — Environmental Protection Agency are statutorily required, and remove any regulatory differences between attainment and maintenance that are not explicitly required by law. l Streamline the process for state and local governments to demonstrate that their federally funded highway projects will not interfere with NAAQS attainment. l Adopt policies to prevent abuse of EPA’s CAA “error correction” authority.20 EPA historically has used this to coerce states into adopting its favored policies on pain of imposition of a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP). l Limit EPA’s reliance on CAA § 30121 general rulemaking authority to ensure that it is not abused to issue regulations for which EPA lacks substantive authority elsewhere in the statute. l If possible, return the standard-setting role to Congress. Climate Change l Remove the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) for any source category that is not currently being regulated. The overall reporting program imposes significant burdens on small businesses and companies that are not being regulated. This is either a pointless burden or a sword-of- Damocles threat of future regulation, neither of which is appropriate. l Establish a system, with an appropriate deadline, to update the 2009 endangerment finding. l Establish a significant emissions rate (SER) for greenhouse gasses (GHGs). Regulating Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Under the American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act22 l Repeal Biden Administration implementing regulations for the AIM Act that are unnecessarily stringent and costly. l Refrain from granting petitions from opportunistic manufacturers to add new restrictions that further skew the market toward costlier refrigerants and equipment. — 426 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Conduct realistic cost assessments that reflect actual consumer experiences instead of the current unrealistic ones claiming that the program is virtually cost-free. Mobile Source Regulation by the Office of Transportation and Air Quality l Establish GHG car standards under Department of Transportation (DOT) leadership that properly consider cost, choice, safety, and national security. l Review the existing “ramp rate” for car standards to ensure that it is actually achievable. l Include life cycle emissions of electric vehicles and consider all of their environmental impacts. l Restore the position that California’s waiver applies only to California- specific issues like ground-level ozone, not global climate issues. l Ensure that other states can adopt California’s standards only for traditional/criteria pollutants, not greenhouse gases. l Stop the use of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to increase standards on airplanes. l Reconsider the Cleaner Trucks Initiative to balance the goal of driving down emissions without creating significant costs or complex burdens on the industry. Air Permitting Reforms for New Source Review (Pre-Construction Per- mits) and Title V (Operating Permits) l Develop reforms to ensure that when a facility improves efficiency within its production process, new permitting requirements are not triggered. l Restore the Trump EPA position on Once-In, Always-In (that major sources can convert to area sources when affiliated emissions standards are met). l Revisit permitting and enforcement assumptions that sources will operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year; this artificially inflates a source’s potential to emit (PTE), which can result in more stringent permit terms.

Environmental Protection Agency

Strong
Vector: 64%
Pages: 458-460AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The LOCOMOTIVES Act aligns with Project 2025's goal of limiting EPA overreach by preempting state-level emissions standards and establishing uniform federal regulation, thereby reducing regulatory complexity and preventing what Project 2025 describes as coercive use of EPA authority."

Key themes:federal preemptionEPA authority limitsuniform national standardsstate regulatory relief

— 425 — Environmental Protection Agency are statutorily required, and remove any regulatory differences between attainment and maintenance that are not explicitly required by law. l Streamline the process for state and local governments to demonstrate that their federally funded highway projects will not interfere with NAAQS attainment. l Adopt policies to prevent abuse of EPA’s CAA “error correction” authority.20 EPA historically has used this to coerce states into adopting its favored policies on pain of imposition of a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP). l Limit EPA’s reliance on CAA § 30121 general rulemaking authority to ensure that it is not abused to issue regulations for which EPA lacks substantive authority elsewhere in the statute. l If possible, return the standard-setting role to Congress. Climate Change l Remove the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) for any source category that is not currently being regulated. The overall reporting program imposes significant burdens on small businesses and companies that are not being regulated. This is either a pointless burden or a sword-of- Damocles threat of future regulation, neither of which is appropriate. l Establish a system, with an appropriate deadline, to update the 2009 endangerment finding. l Establish a significant emissions rate (SER) for greenhouse gasses (GHGs). Regulating Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Under the American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act22 l Repeal Biden Administration implementing regulations for the AIM Act that are unnecessarily stringent and costly. l Refrain from granting petitions from opportunistic manufacturers to add new restrictions that further skew the market toward costlier refrigerants and equipment.

Environmental Protection Agency

Strong
Vector: 62%
Pages: 458-460AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The LOCOMOTIVES Act aligns with Project 2025's goal of limiting state-level emissions standards (like California's waiver) by establishing uniform federal regulation over mobile sources, specifically locomotives, and preventing state preemption—mirroring the policy's emphasis on federalist deference and centralized control under EPA/DOT leadership."

Key themes:federal preemption of state standardsmobile source regulationuniform national emissions standardslimiting California-style waiversEPA enforcement authority

— 426 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Conduct realistic cost assessments that reflect actual consumer experiences instead of the current unrealistic ones claiming that the program is virtually cost-free. Mobile Source Regulation by the Office of Transportation and Air Quality l Establish GHG car standards under Department of Transportation (DOT) leadership that properly consider cost, choice, safety, and national security. l Review the existing “ramp rate” for car standards to ensure that it is actually achievable. l Include life cycle emissions of electric vehicles and consider all of their environmental impacts. l Restore the position that California’s waiver applies only to California- specific issues like ground-level ozone, not global climate issues. l Ensure that other states can adopt California’s standards only for traditional/criteria pollutants, not greenhouse gases. l Stop the use of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to increase standards on airplanes. l Reconsider the Cleaner Trucks Initiative to balance the goal of driving down emissions without creating significant costs or complex burdens on the industry. Air Permitting Reforms for New Source Review (Pre-Construction Per- mits) and Title V (Operating Permits) l Develop reforms to ensure that when a facility improves efficiency within its production process, new permitting requirements are not triggered. l Restore the Trump EPA position on Once-In, Always-In (that major sources can convert to area sources when affiliated emissions standards are met). l Revisit permitting and enforcement assumptions that sources will operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year; this artificially inflates a source’s potential to emit (PTE), which can result in more stringent permit terms. — 427 — Environmental Protection Agency l Defend the position that petitions to object to Title V should not be used to second-guess previous state decisions. l Clarify the relationship between New Source Review and Title V to ensure that Title V is used only as intended by Congress. CAA Section 11123 l Restore the position that EPA cannot regulate a new pollutant from an already regulated source category without making predicate findings for that new pollutant. l Institute automatic withdrawal of any proposed rule that is not finalized within the statutorily prescribed one-year period. l Revise general implementing regulations for existing source regulatory authority under CAA § 111(d)24 to ensure that EPA gives full meaning to Congress’s direction, including source-specific application, and that the state planning program is flexible, federalist, and deferential to the states. CAA Section 112 (Hazardous Air Pollutants)25 l Unregulated point or non-point source (fugitive emissions) of an already regulated hazardous air pollutant do not require a Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT) standard. l Ensure that Section 112 regulations are harmonized with Section 111 regulations that apply to the same sector/sources. l Ensure that cost-benefit analysis is focused on a regulation’s targeted pollutant and separately identify ancillary or co-benefits. Radiation l Assess and update the agency’s radiation standards so that they align with those of other agencies, including the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Department of Energy, and Department of Transportation, as well as international standards. l Level-set past, misleading statements regarding radiological risk and reassess the Linear Non-Threshold standard.

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About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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