Direct Seller and Real Estate Agent Harmonization Act

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Bill ID: 119/hr/3495
Last Updated: September 10, 2026

Sponsored by

Rep. Kiley, Kevin [R-CA-3]

ID: K000401

Follow the money

The bill

Direct Seller and Real Estate Agent Harmonization Act

HR. 3495, 119th Congress — read as touching Real Estate.

The sponsor

Rep. Kiley, Kevin [R-CA-3]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$102,190 raised

24 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

95% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Department of Labor and Related Agencies" section, p. 624-626 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Supplemental report filed by the Committee on Education and Workforce, H. Rept. 119-494, Part II.

September 7, 2026

Introduced

Committee Review

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill moves to the floor for full chamber debate and voting.

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Another masterpiece of legislative theater, courtesy of the esteemed members of Congress. Let's dissect this farce, shall we?

The Direct Seller and Real Estate Agent Harmonization Act (HR 3495) claims to "clarify" the definition of employee as it relates to direct sellers and real estate agents under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. How noble. In reality, this bill is a thinly veiled attempt to further erode labor protections and line the pockets of corporate interests.

The new regulation creates an exemption for direct sellers and qualified real estate agents from being considered employees under the FLSA. This means that companies like Amway, Herbalife, and other multi-level marketing (MLM) schemes can continue to exploit their "independent contractors" without providing basic labor protections like minimum wage, overtime pay, or benefits.

Affected industries include direct sales, real estate, and MLMs. Compliance requirements are minimal, as the bill relies on self-reporting by companies. Timelines for implementation? Who needs those? The bill doesn't specify any concrete deadlines, leaving it up to the whims of corporate lobbyists to decide when (or if) they'll comply.

Enforcement mechanisms? Ha! The bill relies on the same toothless agencies that have failed to regulate these industries for decades. Penalties for non-compliance? A slap on the wrist, at best.

The economic impact will be devastating for workers in these industries. By classifying them as "independent contractors," companies can avoid paying benefits, taxes, and other costs associated with employing actual employees. This will lead to further income inequality, as corporate profits soar while workers struggle to make ends meet.

Operationally, this bill will create a nightmare of complexity for small businesses and entrepreneurs who actually do employ direct sellers and real estate agents. They'll need to navigate a Byzantine regulatory landscape to ensure compliance, all while competing with larger corporations that can afford to exploit loopholes.

In short, HR 3495 is a classic case of "regulatory capture," where corporate interests have hijacked the legislative process to serve their own interests at the expense of workers and small businesses. It's a disease, really – a symptom of a deeper illness that afflicts our political system: corruption, cowardice, and a complete disregard for the well-being of ordinary people.

Now, if you'll excuse me, I have better things to do than watch this farce unfold. Like diagnosing actual diseases, not just legislative ones.

Related Topics

Labor & Employment Policy
Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Kiley, Kevin [R-CA-3]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions
$102,190
19 donors
PACs
$0
Organizations
$3,750
Committees
$0
Individuals
$98,400

No PAC contributions found

1
BENNETT WEST ROSEVILLE LLC
1 transaction
$3,000
2
NICHOLSON & OLSON, CPAS
1 transaction
$750

No committee contributions found

1
CAMPBELL, DONALD
2 transactions
$10,000
2
WALSH, DANA
2 transactions
$10,000
3
NASH, JILL
2 transactions
$9,900
4
FLEMING, DENNIS
2 transactions
$8,500
5
ROWE, SUSAN
1 transaction
$6,600
6
BURKE, TIM
1 transaction
$6,600
7
SMYTH, CHARLES
1 transaction
$6,600
8
FRANCK, KASI
1 transaction
$6,600
9
BRADLEY, KATHERINE
1 transaction
$5,000
10
BORSHEIM, NATHAN
1 transaction
$5,000
11
FLEMING, BETTY
1 transaction
$5,000
12
MANLEY, DWIGHT
1 transaction
$5,000
13
HAIUM, JEFF
1 transaction
$3,700
14
WITZKE, WILLIAM
1 transaction
$3,300
15
DIEPENBROCK, DIANA
1 transaction
$3,300
16
DIEPENBROCK, MICHAEL
1 transaction
$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Cuellar, Henry [D-TX-28]

ID: C001063

Top Contributors

25

1
TIGUA INDIAN RESERVATION
OrganizationEL PASO, TX
$3,000
Dec 31, 2023
2
THE CHICKASAW NATION
OrganizationADA, OK
$2,500
Jun 30, 2023
3
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Jun 22, 2023
4
SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY
OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN
$1,650
Apr 30, 2024
5
ALABAMA-COUSHATTA TRIBE
OrganizationLIVINGSTON, TX
$1,000
Sep 27, 2024
6
GARIBAY, RUBEN
SELECT DEDICATED SOLUTIONS • MEMBER
IndividualSAN ANTONIO, TX
$6,600
Dec 28, 2023
7
GARIBAY, SOPHIA S.
SELECT DEDICATED SOLUTIONS • DIRECTOR
IndividualSAN ANTONIO, TX
$6,600
Dec 28, 2023
8
GARIBAY, RUBEN JR
SELECT DEDICATED SOLUTIONS • MEMBER
IndividualQUEMADO, TX
$3,300
Oct 25, 2024
9
GASTELUM, JUAN C.
GREEN CORRIDORS LLC • SVP LAND PORTS OF ENTRY
IndividualLAKEWAY, TX
$3,300
Oct 24, 2024
10
JAVED, MUHAMMAD T.
RICELAND HEALTHCARE • CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
IndividualBEAUMONT, TX
$3,300
Oct 29, 2024

Rep. Carbajal, Salud O. [D-CA-24]

ID: C001112

Top Contributors

38

1
PECHANGA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS
OrganizationTEMECULA, CA
$3,300
Oct 18, 2023
2
SAN MANUEL BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationHIGHLAND, CA
$3,300
Dec 18, 2023
3
AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS
OrganizationPALM SPRINGS, CA
$3,300
Jan 11, 2024
4
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$3,300
Feb 24, 2023
5
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$3,300
Feb 24, 2023
6
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
OrganizationROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Jun 30, 2023
7
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
OrganizationROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Jun 30, 2023
8
BARONA BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationLAKESIDE, CA
$2,000
Jun 26, 2024
9
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$2,000
Sep 21, 2023
10
MS BAND OF CHOCTAW INDIANS
OrganizationCHOCTAW, MS
$1,500
Dec 19, 2023

Rep. Van Drew, Jefferson [R-NJ-2]

ID: V000133

Top Contributors

27

1
WINRED
PACARLINGTON, VA
$6,781
Jan 26, 2024
2
WINRED
PACARLINGTON, VA
$868
Feb 16, 2024
3
ACE LISTENGER ENTERPRISES LLC
OrganizationLOUISVILLE, KY
$500
Sep 30, 2024
4
SPTWO LLC
OrganizationNORTH WILDWOOD, NJ
$500
Sep 30, 2024
5
TEC AEROSPACE, LLC
OrganizationCLAYTON, NJ
$500
Jun 30, 2024
6
FV REDEMPTION LLC
OrganizationCAPE MAY COURT HOUSE, NJ
$500
Jun 27, 2024
7
CHARLES MARANDINO LLC
OrganizationMILMAY, NJ
$105
May 15, 2024
8
FORMAN, RICHARD P
RETIRED • RETIRED
IndividualCHERRY HILL, NJ
$6,600
Nov 29, 2023
9
HOLLANDER, SCOTT
PULSE VASCULAR • PHYSICIAN
IndividualMULLICA HILL, NJ
$6,600
Feb 16, 2024
10
LAUDEMAN, KEITH MR
COLD SPRING FISH • FISH DEALER
IndividualCAPE MAY, NJ
$6,600
May 8, 2023

Rep. Fong, Vince [R-CA-20]

ID: F000480

Top Contributors

21

1
TULE RIVER TRIBAL COUNCIL
OrganizationPORTERVILLE, CA
$3,300
Aug 9, 2024
2
ANDERSON, DARIUS
PLATINUM ADVISORS • LOBBYIST
IndividualSACRAMENTO, CA
$3,300
Oct 23, 2024
3
LEPRINO, TERRY
LEPRINO FOODS • BOARD DIRECTOR
IndividualDENVER, CO
$3,300
Oct 25, 2024
4
HUNTER, KEN
VAQUERO ENERGY • EXECUTIVE
IndividualSANTA YNEZ, CA
$3,300
Oct 31, 2024
5
BAND MIWOK INDIANS, SHINGLE SPRINGS
N/A • N/A
IndividualPLACERVILLE, CA
$3,300
Nov 6, 2024
6
ROJEWSKI, COLE
RBW GROUP • PARTNER
IndividualCLOVIS, CA
$3,300
Dec 11, 2023
7
ROJEWSKI, COLE
RBW GROUP • PARTNER
IndividualCLOVIS, CA
$3,300
Dec 11, 2023
8
EKEGREN, JONATHAN
BARBER HONDA • GENERAL MANAGER
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 12, 2023
9
EKEGREN, JONATHAN
BARBER HONDA • GENERAL MANAGER
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 12, 2023
10
MOJIBI, AMANDA
IndividualBAKERSFIELD, CA
$3,300
Dec 14, 2023

Rep. Suozzi, Thomas R. [D-NY-3]

ID: S001201

Top Contributors

24

1
FEDERATED INDIANS OF GRATON RANCHERIA
OrganizationROHNERT PARK, CA
$3,300
Aug 3, 2024
2
SCOTTO LLC
OrganizationWOODBURY, NY
$1,650
Aug 30, 2024
3
PATROON OPERATING CO. LLC
OrganizationNEW YORK, NY
$1,000
May 13, 2024
4
THE KLAR ORGANIZATION
OrganizationEAST MEADOW, NY
$1,000
Aug 8, 2024
5
TERIAN, OLIVIA
IndividualNEW YORK, NY
$9,400
May 2, 2024
6
TERIAN, OLIVIA
OLIVIA TERIAN ART & DESIGN • BUSINESS OWNER
IndividualNEW YORK, NY
$6,600
Mar 8, 2024
7
MORAN, MARY
NOT EMPLOYED • RETIRED
IndividualGREENWICH, CT
$6,600
Mar 28, 2024
8
MORAN, MARY
IndividualGREENWICH, CT
$6,600
May 2, 2024
9
FAIVUS, HARRY E.
MOUNT SINAI • PHYSICIAN
IndividualNEW YORK, NY
$5,000
Oct 31, 2024
10
SOSNICK, AARON
IndividualRENO, NV
$3,392
Jun 25, 2024

Rep. Moore, Blake D. [R-UT-1]

ID: M001213

Top Contributors

24

1
JLS HOLDINGS LLC
OrganizationSALT LAKE CITY, UT
$9,900
Jul 13, 2023
2
THE CHICKASAW NATION
OrganizationADA, OK
$3,300
May 16, 2024
3
HEMMCO LLC
OrganizationOREM, UT
$2,500
Sep 15, 2023
4
R & O CONSTRUCTION
OrganizationOGDEN, UT
$2,500
Sep 13, 2023
5
PARKER, ALEXANDRA
APERCEN PARTNERS, LLC
IndividualPALO ALTO, CA
$6,600
Sep 20, 2024
6
PARKER, SEAN
APERCEN PARTNERS, LLC
IndividualPALO ALTO, CA
$6,600
Sep 20, 2024
7
KAUFMAN, TRENT
MGT • EXECUTIVE
IndividualHOLLADAY, UT
$6,600
Sep 9, 2024
8
MOORE, BRENT
SOLTIS ADVISORS • PARTNER
IndividualSALT LAKE CITY, UT
$6,000
Sep 26, 2024
9
MOORE, BRENT
SOLTIS ADVISORS • PARTNER
IndividualSALT LAKE CITY, UT
$6,000
Sep 26, 2024
10
CHANG, JASON
IndividualMENLO PARK, CA
$3,300
Oct 30, 2024

Rep. Bergman, Jack [R-MI-1]

ID: B001301

Top Contributors

26

1
MATCH-E-BE-NASH-SHE-WISH BAND OF POTTAWATOMI INDIANS
OrganizationSHELBYVILLE, MI
$3,300
Dec 8, 2023
2
SAGINAW CHIPPEWA INDIAN TRIBE
OrganizationMT. PLEASANT, MI
$3,300
Dec 8, 2023
3
POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS
OrganizationATMORE, AL
$3,300
Jun 17, 2024
4
POARCH BAND OF CREEK INDIANS
OrganizationATMORE, AL
$3,300
Jun 30, 2023
5
PECHANGA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS
OrganizationTEMECULA, CA
$3,000
Dec 31, 2023
6
SAULT STE MARIE TRIBE OF CHIPPEWA INDIANS
OrganizationSAULT SAINTE MARIE, MI
$2,900
Dec 7, 2023
7
DRESNER, LINDA
DRESNER DESIGNS • CEO
IndividualBIRMINGHAM, MI
$6,600
Dec 6, 2023
8
LEVY, EDWARD
WEST BAY BEACH RESORT • PRESIDENT
IndividualBIRMINGHAM, MI
$6,600
Dec 6, 2023
9
TAYLOR, MARGARETTA J. MS
NONE • RETIRED
IndividualNEW YORK, NY
$6,600
Mar 5, 2024
10
GREENBLATT, SCOTT
VETERANS GUARDIAN VA CLAIM CONSULTING • CEO
IndividualPINEHURST, NC
$6,600
Jun 29, 2023

Rep. Moran, Nathaniel [R-TX-1]

ID: M001224

Top Contributors

20

1
PELTIER, PATRICK
PELTIER AUTO GROUP • VICE PRESIDENT
IndividualTYLER, TX
$9,900
Jan 31, 2024
2
PELTIER, PATRICK
IndividualTYLER, TX
$6,600
Feb 22, 2024
3
MARSHALL, MATTHEW
DRAKE • REAL ESTATE
IndividualTYLER, TX
$6,600
Aug 22, 2024
4
MARSHALL, MATTHEW
DRAKE • REAL ESTATE
IndividualTYLER, TX
$6,600
Aug 22, 2024
5
ANDERSON, RICHARD M.
PAFFORD EMS • 911 PROFESSIONAL
IndividualMARSHALL, TX
$5,000
Apr 15, 2024
6
LEATHERWOOD, HARRY
SELF • SELF
IndividualTYLER, TX
$5,000
Sep 23, 2024
7
STOVALL, SCOTT
IndividualTROUP, TX
$3,300
Jan 18, 2024
8
PELTIER, MIKAH ANN
COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER • COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER
IndividualTYLER, TX
$3,300
Jan 31, 2024
9
PELTIER, PATRICK
PELTIER AUTO GROUP • VICE PRESIDENT
IndividualTYLER, TX
$3,300
Jan 31, 2024
10
STEVENSON, DAVID L
CUSTOM COMMODITIES TRANSPORT • OWNER
IndividualDIANA, TX
$3,300
Feb 1, 2024

Rep. Alford, Mark [R-MO-4]

ID: A000379

Top Contributors

23

1
OTOE-MISSOURIA TRIBE OF INDIANS
OrganizationRED ROCK, OK
$3,300
Jun 21, 2023
2
CM DUBOIS STRATEGIES LLC
OrganizationWEBSTER GROVES, MO
$2,000
Mar 18, 2024
3
WAYPOINT CONSULTING LLC
OrganizationWASHINGTON, DC
$1,100
Dec 13, 2023
4
CHERRY, DERON
UNITED BEVERAGE COMPANY • PRESIDENT
IndividualKANSAS CITY, MO
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
5
CHERRY, DERON
UNITED BEVERAGE COMPANY • PRESIDENT
IndividualKANSAS CITY, MO
$3,300
Sep 30, 2024
6
REDFORD, STAN
REDFORD CONSTRUCTION • OWNER
IndividualRAYMORE, MO
$3,300
Jul 26, 2024
7
THOMPSON, CRAIG
GOLDEN VALLEY HEALTH • CEO
IndividualCLINTON, MO
$3,300
Sep 7, 2024
8
COOPER, SHANNON
Individual
$3,300
Dec 29, 2023
9
GRAY, CHARLES M
REMAX • BROKER
IndividualCLINTON, MO
$3,300
Dec 29, 2023
10
GUTHRIE, JASON
J&S FARMS • OWNER
Individual
$3,300
Dec 29, 2023

Rep. Sherman, Brad [D-CA-32]

ID: S000344

Top Contributors

26

1
MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS NATIVE AMERICAN RIGHTS FUND
OrganizationBANNING, CA
$2,000
Oct 30, 2023
2
MS BAND OF CHOCTAW INDIANS
OrganizationCHOCTAW, MS
$2,000
Oct 5, 2023
3
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$2,000
Sep 30, 2024
4
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$1,300
Oct 21, 2024
5
BARONA BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationLAKESIDE, CA
$1,000
Oct 28, 2024
6
SANTA YNEZ BAND OF MISSION INDIANS
OrganizationSANTA YNEZ, CA
$700
Oct 21, 2024
7
AHMED, TAIMOOR
MARKHOR LOGISTICS • CEO
IndividualSACRAMENTO, CA
$3,300
Mar 30, 2023
8
GARHWAL, HARI
GARHWAL, CHAN & WILLIAMS • CPA
IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA
$3,300
Mar 23, 2023
9
GARHWAL, HARI
GARHWAL, CHAN & WILLIAMS • CPA
IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA
$3,300
Mar 23, 2023
10
GARHWAL, SANJEEV
WWMG • PHYSICIAN
IndividualSEATTLE, WA
$3,300
Mar 29, 2023

Donor Network - Rep. Kiley, Kevin [R-CA-3]

PACs
Organizations
Individuals
Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

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Showing 31 nodes and 42 connections

Total contributions: $42

Top Donors - Rep. Kiley, Kevin [R-CA-3]

Showing top 19 donors by contribution amount

2 Orgs1 Committee16 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 helped.

  • +Real Estateconfidence 0.90

    Section 2 amends FLSA to exclude qualified real estate agents from the definition of employee, reducing regulatory burden and costs for real estate brokerages and agents.

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Department of Labor and Related Agencies

Very Strong
Vector: 68%
Pages: 624-626AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 3495 directly implements Project 2025's call for a bright-line test to clarify independent contractor status under federal law, specifically by harmonizing FLSA definitions with tax code to reduce uncertainty and support independent work arrangements."

Key themes:independent contractor classificationFLSA reformregulatory clarityworker autonomybusiness predictability

— 591 — Department of Labor and Related Agencies qualify as an independent contractor or employee under the FLSA and NLRA. The Biden Administration is replacing those rules with vague and expansive definitions that would add uncertainty, increase costs, and reduce options for Americans who want to work independently. l NLRB and DOL should return to their 2019 and 2021 independent contractor rules that provided much-needed clarity for workers and employers. l Congress should establish a bright-line test—based on the level of control an individual exercises over his or her work—to determine whether a payee is an employee or an independent contractor, across all relevant laws. This would prevent continued uncertainty as well as provide continuity across federal laws. l Congress should provide a safe harbor from employer-employee status for companies that offer independent workers access to earned benefits. Doing so would increase access among independent contractors to traditional pooled workplace benefits such as health care and retirement savings accounts. Protect Small Businesses and Entrepreneurship (Joint Employer). Millions of busi- nesses across America engage in mutually beneficial affiliation arrangements with other businesses. These arrangements include janitorial services, staffing firms, construction contractors and subcontractors, technology support services, and many other vendor and contracting services. They also include the nearly 775,000 independently owned franchise businesses, which employ 8.2 million workers across the United States. The franchise structure offers a proven business model for individuals who want to own and operate their own small business. An Obama-era regulation changed the definition of a joint employer to make corporate franchi- sors jointly liable for employees of individual franchisee owners, even without the franchisor exercising any direct control over those employees. The Biden Admin- istration is advancing an even more expansive definition of a joint employer that would upend the franchise business model, taking away ownership and income opportunities from small-business entrepreneurs, costing jobs, and raising prices. l DOL and NLRB should return to the long-standing approach to defining joint employers based on direct and immediate control. l Congress should enact the Save Local Business Act, which would codify the long-standing definition that has existed outside the Obama-era and Biden-proposed rules.

Department of Labor and Related Agencies

Strong
Vector: 68%
Pages: 624-626AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 3495 directly clarifies the independent contractor status of direct sellers and real estate agents under the FLSA, which aligns with Project 2025’s goal of providing clear, bright‑line rules to reduce uncertainty and support independent work arrangements."

Key themes:independent contractor classificationFLSA definition clarityregulatory certaintyalignment with tax lawsupport for gig/independent work

— 591 — Department of Labor and Related Agencies qualify as an independent contractor or employee under the FLSA and NLRA. The Biden Administration is replacing those rules with vague and expansive definitions that would add uncertainty, increase costs, and reduce options for Americans who want to work independently. l NLRB and DOL should return to their 2019 and 2021 independent contractor rules that provided much-needed clarity for workers and employers. l Congress should establish a bright-line test—based on the level of control an individual exercises over his or her work—to determine whether a payee is an employee or an independent contractor, across all relevant laws. This would prevent continued uncertainty as well as provide continuity across federal laws. l Congress should provide a safe harbor from employer-employee status for companies that offer independent workers access to earned benefits. Doing so would increase access among independent contractors to traditional pooled workplace benefits such as health care and retirement savings accounts. Protect Small Businesses and Entrepreneurship (Joint Employer). Millions of busi- nesses across America engage in mutually beneficial affiliation arrangements with other businesses. These arrangements include janitorial services, staffing firms, construction contractors and subcontractors, technology support services, and many other vendor and contracting services. They also include the nearly 775,000 independently owned franchise businesses, which employ 8.2 million workers across the United States. The franchise structure offers a proven business model for individuals who want to own and operate their own small business. An Obama-era regulation changed the definition of a joint employer to make corporate franchi- sors jointly liable for employees of individual franchisee owners, even without the franchisor exercising any direct control over those employees. The Biden Admin- istration is advancing an even more expansive definition of a joint employer that would upend the franchise business model, taking away ownership and income opportunities from small-business entrepreneurs, costing jobs, and raising prices. l DOL and NLRB should return to the long-standing approach to defining joint employers based on direct and immediate control. l Congress should enact the Save Local Business Act, which would codify the long-standing definition that has existed outside the Obama-era and Biden-proposed rules. — 592 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise Overtime Pay Threshold. Overtime pay is one of the most challenging aspects of the Fair Labor Standards Act rules. “Nonexempt workers” (e.g., workers whose job duties fall within the law’s power or whose total pay is low enough) must be paid overtime (150 percent of the “regular rate”) for every hour over 40 in a work- week. Overtime requirements may discourage employers from offering certain fringe benefits such as reimbursement for education, childcare, or even free meals because the benefits’ value may be included in the “regular rate” that must be paid at 150 percent for all overtime hours. And because some of these fringe ben- efits may be more valuable (and often come with tax preferences that benefit the worker), the goal should be to set a threshold to ensure lower-income workers have the protections of overtime pay without discouraging employers from offering these benefits. l DOL should maintain an overtime threshold that does not punish businesses in lower-cost regions (e.g., the southeast United States). The Trump-era threshold is high enough to capture most line workers in lower-cost regions. One possibility to consider (likely requiring congressional action) would be to automatically update the thresholds every five years using the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) as an inflation adjustment. This could reduce the likelihood of a future Administration attempting to make significant changes but would also impose more adjustments on businesses as those automatic increases take hold. l Congress should clarify that the “regular rate” for overtime pay is based on the salary paid rather than all benefits provided. This would enable employers to offer additional benefits to employees without fear that those benefits would dramatically increase overtime pay. l Congress should provide flexibility to employers and employees to calculate the overtime period over a longer number of weeks. Specifically, employers and employees should be able to set a two- or four- week period over which to calculate overtime. This would give workers greater flexibility to work more hours in one week and fewer hours in the next and would not require the employer to pay them more for that same total number of hours of work during the entire period. Compliance-Assistance Programming. Labor agencies are often tempted to encourage “over compliance” by companies subject to regulation by pursuing “regulation through enforcement” strategies. Rather than giving regulated enti- ties clear boundaries for what they can and cannot do under the law, the agencies

Department of Labor and Related Agencies

Minimal
Vector: 63%
Pages: 618-620AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 3495 focuses on clarifying the classification of direct sellers and real estate agents as independent contractors under the FLSA, which is unrelated to Project 2025's policy objectives concerning sex discrimination enforcement based on biological binary sex, pro-life workplace accommodations, or religious employer protections."

— 585 — Department of Labor and Related Agencies l Direct agencies to refocus enforcement of sex discrimination laws. The President should direct agencies to focus their enforcement of sex discrimination laws on the biological binary meaning of “sex.” PRO-LIFE MEASURES l Promote pro-life workplace accommodations for mothers. Federal law should protect life and promote pro-family policies. Current law, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act,3 provides nondiscrimination protections in the workplace for pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. The Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA)4 requires employers to make reasonable accommodations for women “to the known limitations related to the pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions,” unless “the accommodation would impose an undue hardship on the operation of the [employer’s] business.” The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) also provides nondiscrimination and accommodation protections in the workplace for certain pregnancy-related disability.5 None of these laws requires an employer provide health insurance benefits for elective abortion. l Pass a law requiring equal (or greater) benefits for pro-life support for mothers and clarifying abortion exclusions. Congress should pass a law requiring that to the extent an employer provides employee benefits for abortion, it must provide equal or greater benefits for pregnancy, childbirth, maternity, and adoption. That law should also clarify that no employer is required to provide any accommodations or benefits for abortion. l Keep anti-life “benefits” out of benefit plans. Some benefits attorneys and pro-choice advocates have argued since the Supreme Court’s Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision6 that the longstanding doctrine of Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)7 preemption should block individual states’ efforts to prohibit employers from helping employees procure abortions via offering various kinds of coverage under employee-sponsored benefit plans. ERISA should not be allowed to trump states’ ability to protect innocent human life in the womb. Congress and DOL should clarify that ERISA does not preempt states’ power to restrict abortion, surrogacy, or other anti-life “benefits.” RELIGION l Provide robust protections for religious employers. America’s religious diversity means that workplaces include people of many faiths and that many employers are faith-based. Nevertheless, the Biden Administration has been hostile to people of faith, especially those with traditional beliefs — 586 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise about marriage, gender, and sexuality. The new Administration should enact policies with robust respect for religious exercise in the workplace, including under the First Amendment, the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA),8 Title VII, and federal conscience protection laws. l Issue an executive order protecting religious employers and employees. The President should make clear via executive order that religious employers are free to run their businesses according to their religious beliefs, general nondiscrimination laws notwithstanding, and support participation of religious employees and employers as federal contractors and in federal activities and programs. l Clarify Title VII’s religious organization exemptions. Congress should clarify Title VII’s religious organization exemptions to make it more explicit that those employers may make employment decisions based on religion regardless of nondiscrimination laws. l Provide Robust Accommodations for Religious Employees. Title VII requires reasonable accommodations for an employee’s sincerely held religious beliefs, observances, or practices unless it poses an undue hardship on the employer’s business. These accommodation protections also apply to issues related to marriage, gender, and sexuality. Unless the Supreme Court overrules its bad precedent, Congress should clarify that undue hardship means “significant difficulty or expenses,” not “more than a de minimis cost” as the Court has previously held. General EEOC Reforms. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commis- sion (EEOC) does not have rulemaking authority under Title VII and other laws it enforces, yet it issues “guidance,” “technical assistance,” and other documents, including some that push new policy positions. EEOC should disclaim its regulatory pretensions and abide by the guidance reforms dis- cussed below. l EEOC should disclaim its regulatory pretensions. l Affirm decision-making via majority vote of Commissioners. EEOC should affirm as policy the Title VII requirement that it exercise substantive power via majority vote of Commissioners, not by unilateral Chair action or by delegation to staff.

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About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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