End Endless Criminal Statutes Act

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Bill ID: 119/hr/98

Last Updated: September 18, 2025

End Endless Criminal Statutes Act

HR. 98, 119th Congress — read as touching Law Enforcement & Surveillance Tech.

The sponsor

Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$66,000 raised

20 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

55% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Department of Homeland Security" section, p. 183-185 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 14.

June 9, 2025

Introduced

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

🏛️

Committee Review

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed House

🏛️

Senate Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Summary Style:

**Analysis of HR 98: End Endless Criminal Statutes Act**

As a visionary entrepreneur and thought leader, I'll dissect the implications of this bill on my interests and the broader economic landscape.

**Main Purpose & Objectives** The End Endless Criminal Statutes Act aims to repeal or amend various outdated federal provisions that impose unnecessary criminal penalties. This initiative appears to be driven by a desire to streamline the justice system and reduce regulatory burdens. However, as I'll outline below, this bill's true significance lies in its potential to reshape the contours of power and wealth.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law** The bill targets nine specific areas, including:

1. Repealing provisions related to writing checks for less than $1. 2. Amending laws governing colored oleomargarine and margarine sales. 3. Eliminating penalties for discarding produce without cause or making false reports. 4. Removing restrictions on metal coin production and use. 5. Relaxing rules regarding postal uniforms, seaman's clothing, and vessel boarding.

These changes will likely have a negligible impact on my business operations, but they do signal a willingness to revisit and refine existing regulations. This trend could be leveraged to push for more substantial deregulation efforts in the future.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders** The primary beneficiaries of this bill are individuals and businesses that have been subject to these outdated provisions. However, as a strategic investor, I'm more interested in how this legislation might influence the broader regulatory environment.

Key stakeholders include:

1. Small business owners and entrepreneurs who may face reduced compliance burdens. 2. Law enforcement agencies that will need to adapt to changes in federal statutes. 3. Special interest groups advocating for deregulation and limited government intervention.

**Potential Impact & Implications** While this bill's immediate effects are relatively minor, it represents a step towards a more permissive regulatory environment. As someone who has invested heavily in emerging technologies and innovative industries, I welcome any efforts to reduce bureaucratic hurdles and foster growth.

In the long term, this legislation could:

1. Pave the way for more comprehensive deregulation initiatives. 2. Encourage entrepreneurship and investment by reducing compliance costs. 3. Further concentrate power among those with the resources to navigate complex regulatory systems (i.e., individuals like myself).

As a thought leader in my field, I'll continue to monitor this bill's progress and explore opportunities to shape the narrative around regulation and innovation. By doing so, I can ensure that my interests are protected and advanced in the ever-evolving landscape of politics and commerce.

**Projection:** Based on my analysis, I estimate that this bill will have a net positive impact on my business operations, with potential cost savings ranging from $10 million to $50 million over the next five years. However, these projections are subject to change as the regulatory environment continues to evolve.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (billionaire personality)

*Sigh* Alright, let's break down this bill, shall we? As I taught you in 8th grade civics class, a bill is a proposed law that must go through the legislative process to become enacted. This one, HR 98, aims to repeal certain unnecessary criminal offenses.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The End Endless Criminal Statutes Act seeks to eliminate outdated and seemingly absurd federal provisions that carry criminal penalties for actions such as writing a check for less than $1 or sledding on the Capitol grounds. The bill's primary objective is to simplify the federal code by removing unnecessary laws.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill proposes to repeal or amend various sections of the United States Code, including those related to:

* Writing checks with insufficient funds * Selling colored oleomargarine * Discarding produce without cause * Removing stamps from mail matter * Making metal coins of original design * Wearing letter carrier uniforms * Detaining seamen's clothing * Boarding vessels before arrival * Placing mailable matter in a mailbox without postage

These provisions will be repealed or amended to remove the associated criminal penalties.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The affected parties include:

* Individuals who may have been charged with these offenses in the past * Law enforcement agencies that enforce these laws * The judicial system, which would no longer need to process cases related to these offenses

**Potential Impact & Implications:** If enacted, this bill could lead to a reduction in unnecessary prosecutions and convictions. It may also simplify the federal code, making it easier for citizens to understand what is and isn't against the law. However, some might argue that repealing these laws could lead to unintended consequences or create loopholes.

Now, as I'm sure you recall from our 8th grade civics class, this bill will need to go through the legislative process, including committee review and markups, before it can be voted on by the full House of Representatives. If passed, it would then move to the Senate for consideration. Remember when we learned about checks and balances? This is a perfect example of how the system is supposed to work...

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (civics_teacher personality)

Folks, gather 'round! I've got the scoop on HR 98, the so-called "End Endless Criminal Statutes Act." Now, at first glance, it looks like a harmless bill aimed at repealing outdated and unnecessary laws. But trust me, there's more to it than meets the eye.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The stated purpose of this bill is to eliminate redundant and obsolete federal statutes that carry criminal penalties for seemingly innocuous actions. Sounds reasonable, right? However, I believe there's a hidden agenda at play here. By repealing these laws, the government might be creating a smokescreen to distract us from more sinister legislation lurking in the shadows.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill proposes to repeal or amend various sections of federal law related to:

* Writing checks for less than $1 (Section 336 of Title 18) * Selling colored oleomargarine (Subsections b, c, and d of Section 407 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act) * Discarding produce without sufficient cause (Section 1 of the Act of March 3, 1927) * Removing stamps from mail matter (Section 1720 of Title 18) * Wearing letter carrier uniforms (Section 1730 of Title 18)

These changes might seem minor, but what if I told you that these laws were put in place for a reason? Perhaps they're not as outdated as we think. What if the government is trying to quietly dismantle regulations that protect us from corporate interests or other nefarious actors?

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The parties affected by this bill include:

* Individuals who might have been charged with these "minor" crimes * Law enforcement agencies responsible for enforcing these laws * Corporations and industries that could benefit from the repeal of certain regulations

But what about the real stakeholders? The ones pulling the strings behind the scenes? I'm talking about the powerful lobbies, special interest groups, and government agencies that might be using this bill as a Trojan horse to further their own agendas.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** If passed, this bill could have far-reaching consequences. By repealing these laws, we might be creating loopholes for corporate malfeasance or other forms of exploitation. It's also possible that the government is trying to normalize certain behaviors or create a precedent for future legislation.

Now, I know what you're thinking: "But Uncle, this bill seems harmless." Ah, that's exactly what they want you to think! Wake up, folks! The truth is out there, hidden in plain sight. We need to stay vigilant and question everything, especially when it comes to our government's true intentions.

Pass the mashed potatoes, please?

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (conspiracy_uncle personality)

(Deep breath) Folks, gather 'round! We've got a real doozy of a bill on our hands here. The "End Endless Criminal Statutes Act" - sounds like a real freedom-fighter's dream come true, doesn't it? (wink)

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** This bill, introduced by the fearless Mr. Biggs of Arizona, aims to repeal a slew of what can only be described as "draconian" federal laws that have been suffocating our great nation with their sheer absurdity. I mean, who needs freedom when you're worried about getting thrown in the slammer for writing a check for less than a buck? (rolls eyes)

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** This bill takes aim at some real "deep state" favorites - like the law that prohibits selling colored oleomargarine unless it's packaged and labeled or served in a triangular shape. I mean, what kind of elitist nonsense is that?! (scoffs) It also repeals laws related to detaining seamen's clothing, boarding vessels before they arrive at their destination, and - gasp! - sledding on the Capitol grounds when the cops say no. Oh, the humanity!

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** Well, it's clear that this bill is a direct attack on the entrenched interests of... (dramatic pause) ...the Postal Service? Yeah, those guys are probably shaking in their boots right now. But seriously, folks, this bill affects anyone who's ever been threatened with prosecution for wearing a letter carrier uniform without permission or - heaven forbid! - making metal coins of original design.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** Now, I know what you're thinking: "But won't repealing these laws lead to chaos and anarchy?" (smirks) Ah, come on, folks. We're not talking about repealing the entire federal code here. Although... (winks) wouldn't that be something? No, seriously, this bill is a much-needed step towards restoring our freedoms and telling those pesky elites in Washington to keep their grubby hands off our lives.

So there you have it, folks - a bill that's all about freedom, liberty, and sticking it to the man. (smirks) Who wouldn't love that?

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (fox_host personality)

Another exercise in legislative theater, courtesy of the esteemed members of Congress. Let's dissect this farce, shall we?

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The End Endless Criminal Statutes Act (HR 98) claims to repeal "unnecessary" federal provisions that carry criminal penalties for various offenses. How noble. In reality, it's a token effort to appear reform-minded while maintaining the status quo.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** This bill repeals or amends sections of the US Code related to:

1. Writing checks for less than $1 (because, clearly, this is a pressing issue). 2. Selling colored oleomargarine (a relic from the early 20th century). 3. Discarding produce without cause (a "crime" that's been on the books since 1927). 4. Removing stamps from mail matter (because who doesn't love a good game of postal roulette?). 5. Making metal coins with original designs (a provision that's been dormant for decades).

These changes are largely symbolic, as most of these offenses have not been prosecuted in years.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The usual suspects:

1. Lobbyists: Who will undoubtedly claim victory and tout their influence in "reforming" the system. 2. Politicians: Who will use this bill to pretend they're addressing the "over-criminalization" of America (while ignoring the real issues). 3. Special interest groups: Who will spin this as a win for their pet causes, even if it doesn't actually change anything.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill is a Band-Aid on a bullet wound. It does nothing to address the systemic problems with our justice system or the proliferation of unnecessary laws. In fact, it might even create new loopholes and unintended consequences.

The real disease here is the perpetual need for politicians to appear busy while accomplishing nothing. This bill is a symptom of that disease – a shallow attempt to placate voters and special interests without actually solving any problems.

In short, HR 98 is a legislative placebo: it might make you feel better, but it won't cure anything.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

Let's break down this gnarly bill, bro.

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The End Endless Criminal Statutes Act (HR 98) is all about simplifying the federal code and repealing some outdated and unnecessary criminal offenses, man. The main goal is to reduce the number of petty crimes that can land you in hot water with the law. It's like, why have laws on the books that are just gonna confuse people and waste resources, right?

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

This bill repeals or amends a bunch of old laws that are no longer relevant or useful. Some examples include:

* Writing a check for less than $1 (who does that anymore?) * Selling colored margarine in non-triangular shapes (um, what's the deal with that?) * Removing stamps from mail (like, who cares?) * Wearing letter carrier uniforms without permission (dude, just don't do it) * Sledding on Capitol grounds (sorry, kids)

The bill also makes some changes to existing laws to clarify or remove outdated language. For example, it removes the requirement that metal coins have an original design.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

This bill affects a bunch of different groups, bro:

* Regular citizens who might accidentally break one of these obscure laws * Law enforcement agencies who have to deal with these petty crimes * The Postal Service (they're gonna lose some weird rules) * Capitol grounds staff (no more sledding, kids!) * Manufacturers and sellers of margarine (triangular shapes only, dude)

**Potential Impact & Implications**

This bill is all about simplifying the law and reducing unnecessary complexity. By repealing these outdated laws, Congress can:

* Reduce the number of people getting caught up in petty crimes * Save resources for more important law enforcement priorities * Make it easier for citizens to understand what's expected of them * Give manufacturers and businesses a break from weird regulations

It's like, who doesn't love fewer rules and less bureaucracy, bro? This bill is all about streamlining the system and making life easier for everyone.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (surfer personality)

**HR 98: End Endless Criminal Statutes Act**

**Main Purpose & Objectives** The bill aims to repeal or amend various outdated and unnecessary federal criminal statutes, reducing the number of petty offenses that can lead to imprisonment.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law** The bill repeals or amends 10 sections of federal law, including:

1. Repealing laws related to writing checks for less than $1, selling colored oleomargarine, and discarding produce without sufficient cause. 2. Amending laws regarding the removal of stamps from mail matter, making metal coins of original design, and wearing letter carriers' uniforms. 3. Repealing laws related to detaining a seaman's clothing, boarding vessels before arrival, and placing mailable matter in a mailbox without postage.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders** The bill primarily affects individuals who may be charged with these petty offenses, as well as law enforcement agencies and the judicial system. However, some industries may also be impacted, such as:

1. The dairy industry, which had previously lobbied for stricter regulations on colored oleomargarine. 2. Coin collectors and manufacturers, who may have been affected by laws related to making metal coins of original design.

**Potential Impact & Implications** The bill's passage could lead to a reduction in the number of people incarcerated for minor offenses, potentially saving taxpayer dollars and reducing the burden on the justice system. However, some critics may argue that repealing these laws could lead to unintended consequences, such as increased counterfeiting or mail tampering.

**Monied Interest Analysis** While there are no obvious PACs or industry lobby groups directly backing this bill, it's worth noting that Rep. Biggs (R-AZ), the sponsor of the bill, has received campaign contributions from libertarian-leaning organizations and individuals who may support reducing the scope of federal criminal law. Additionally, some conservative advocacy groups have expressed support for similar legislation in the past.

**Committee Capture & Conflicts of Interest** The Committee on the Judiciary, to which this bill was referred, has a history of being influenced by special interest groups related to law enforcement and the justice system. However, in this case, there is no clear evidence of committee capture or conflicts of interest driving the bill's introduction.

Overall, HR 98 appears to be a genuine effort to reduce unnecessary federal regulations and promote criminal justice reform. While some industries may be affected by the repeal or amendment of these laws, the bill's impact is likely to be minimal compared to other legislative efforts.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (whistleblower personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions

$66,000

16 donors

PACs

Organizations

Committees

Individuals

$66,000

No PAC contributions found

No organization contributions found

No committee contributions found

TAYLOR, MARGARETTA J

2 transactions

$6,600

BENSON, LEE

2 transactions

$6,600

COOLEY, WILLIAM

2 transactions

$6,600

ZIMDAHL, NORMA

2 transactions

$6,600

MCCLEVE, LONNIE

1 transaction

$3,300

FAUST, ANNE R

1 transaction

$3,300

BROPHY, DANIEL

1 transaction

$3,300

LONDEN, PRISCILLA

1 transaction

$3,300

ALLEN, GWYNDA S

1 transaction

$3,300

UIHLEIN, RICHARD

1 transaction

$3,300

FUNDERBURK, AL

1 transaction

$3,300

MORRIS, MARY A

1 transaction

$3,300

NORD, RICHARD

1 transaction

$3,300

COWLES, STEVEN

1 transaction

$3,300

LOPEZ, HUMBERTO S.

1 transaction

$3,300

PECK, JOHN JR.

1 transaction

$3,300

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 1 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Rep. Roy, Chip [R-TX-21]

ID: R000614

Top Contributors

HOOVER SLOVACEK LLP

OrganizationHOUSTON, TX

$1,000

May 9, 2023

DYER, DON

PJS TEXAS • CEO

IndividualAUSTIN, TX

$13,300

May 9, 2023

COOPER, CHARLES

COOPER & KIRK PLLC • LAWYER

IndividualBONITA SPRINGS, FL

$7,000

Mar 31, 2023

HELD, DR. KRISTIN STORY

SELF • PHYSICIAN

IndividualSAN ANTONIO, TX

$6,600

Dec 4, 2023

TAYLOR, MARGARETTA J. MS.

RETIRED • RETIRED

IndividualNEW YORK, NY

$6,600

Jan 26, 2024

COWDEN, DUKE

SELF • OIL & GAS

IndividualAUSTIN, TX

$6,600

Feb 3, 2024

MARSHALL, EVERETT PIERCE JR

MAROPCO INC. • ATTORNEY

IndividualDALLAS, TX

$6,600

Feb 8, 2023

RATHBONE, MONROE JACK

SELF • ENGINEER

IndividualMIDLAND, TX

$6,600

Feb 8, 2023

RATHBONE, RANDEE

SELF • ENGINEER

IndividualMIDLAND, TX

$6,600

Feb 8, 2023

SPEAR, NANCY G.

SBG • EVENT COORDINATOR

IndividualMIDLAND, TX

$6,600

Feb 8, 2023

Donor Network - Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]

Show Also Donated To

PACs

Organizations

Individuals

Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Showing 51 nodes and 23 connections (54 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $87,300

Top Donors - Rep. Biggs, Andy [R-AZ-5]

Showing top 16 donors by contribution amount

16 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 2 helped, 1 harmed.

−Law Enforcement & Surveillance Techconfidence 0.70
Section 3(i) repeals an Act protecting public property on Capitol Grounds, potentially reducing law enforcement's role in preventing certain activities (2 U.S.C. 1963).
+Agribusinessconfidence 0.60
Section 3(b) repeals subsections of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act related to colored oleomargarine, potentially benefiting agribusiness companies involved in food production (21 U.S.C. 347).
+Commercial Banksconfidence 0.50
Section 2(1) mentions writing a check for less than $1 as an unnecessary criminal offense, potentially reducing regulatory burden on commercial banks (18 U.S.C.).

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Department of Homeland Security

Weak

Vector: 60%

Pages: 183-185AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 98 focuses on repealing outdated, non‑immigration criminal statutes, while the Project 2025 DHS section centers on immigration enforcement, detainers, and limiting prosecutorial discretion in that context; the only modest connection is a shared interest in shaping prosecutorial discretion, but the substantive topics diverge significantly."

Key themes:prosecutorial discretioncriminal code reformfederal law enforcement

Department of Homeland Security

Weak

Vector: 60%

Pages: 183-185AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 98 focuses on repealing outdated federal criminal offenses to reduce legal complexity, while Project 2025's DHS section centers on immigration enforcement, prosecutorial discretion, and detention policies. The only tangential connection is a shared interest in limiting prosecutorial discretion and streamlining enforcement, but the substantive topics differ significantly."

Key themes:prosecutorial discretionstreamlining enforcementreducing arbitrary prosecutionscriminal code reform

— 150 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise 1. Congress should unequivocally authorize state and local law enforcement to participate in immigration and border security actions in compliance with Arizona v. United States.11 2. Congress should require compliance with immigration detainers to the maximum extent consistent with the Tenth Amendment and set financial disincentives for jurisdictions that implement either official or unofficial sanctuary policies. l Prosecutorial discretion. Congress should restrict the authority for prosecutorial discretion to eliminate it as a “catch-all” excuse for limiting immigration enforcement. l Mandatory detention. Congress should eliminate ambiguous discretionary language in Title 8 that aliens “may” be detained and clarify that aliens “shall” be detained. This language, which contrasts with other “shall detain” language in statute, creates unhelpful ambiguity and allows the executive branch to ignore the will of Congress. Regulations l Withdraw Biden Administration regulations and reissue new regulations in the following areas: 1. Credible Fear/Asylum Jurisdiction for Border Crossers. 2. Public Charge. l T-Visa and U-Visa reform. Unless and until T and U visas are repealed, each program needs to be reformed to ensure that only legitimate victims of trafficking and crimes who are actively providing significant material assistance to law enforcement are eligible for spots in the queue. l Repeal TPS designations. l H-1B reform. Transform the program into an elite mechanism exclusively to bring in the “best and brightest” at the highest wages while simultaneously ensuring that U.S. workers are not being disadvantaged by the program. H-1B is a means only to supplement the U.S. economy and to keep companies competitive, not to depress U.S. labor markets artificially in certain industries. — 151 — Department of Homeland Security l Employment authorization. Along with the legislative proposal, take regulatory action to limit the classes of aliens eligible for work authorization. Executive Orders l Pathways for border crossers 1. Direct the Department of State and the Department of Homeland Security to reinstate Asylum Cooperative Agreements with Northern Triangle Countries immediately. 2. Recommence negotiations with Mexico to fully implement the Remain in Mexico Protocols. 3. Reinstate, to the extent possible, expedited pathways with full credible fear/immigration court process (PACR and HARP). 4. Prohibit the use of Notices to Report, the use of any funds for travel into the interior of the United States, and government flights or transportation for aliens. 5. Mandate that ICE use all detention space in full compliance with Section 235 of the INA, issue weekly reports on detention capacity, and provide authority for low-level temporary capacity (for example, tents) once permanent space is full. 6. Eliminate the use of ATD for border crossers except in rare cases and only with the explicit authority of the Secretary. 7. Prohibit the use of parole except in matters that are certified by the Secretary of Homeland Security as requiring action for humanitarian or significant public benefit reasons, and prohibit the use of parole in any categorical circumstance. l Enforcement 1. Restrict prosecutorial discretion to eliminate it as a “catch-all” excuse for limiting immigration enforcement. 2. Mandate the use of E-Verify for anyone doing business with the government.

Department of Homeland Security

Weak

Vector: 58%

Pages: 177-179AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 98 focuses on repealing outdated federal criminal offenses to streamline the code, while Project 2025's DHS section centers on immigration enforcement, denaturalization, and agency restructuring. Both share a general theme of improving law enforcement efficiency and reducing arbitrary enforcement, but their substantive areas do not overlap."

Key themes:law enforcement efficiencyreducing arbitrary enforcementregulatory reformcriminal code simplificationadministrative accountability

— 144 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise prosecuting criminal and civil denaturalization cases, in combination with the Department of Justice, for aliens who obtained citizenship through fraud or other illicit means. Additionally, USCIS should create a criminal enforcement compo- nent within the agency to investigate immigration benefits fraud under Title 8 (perhaps requiring additional legislative and regulatory authorities for the offi- cers themselves) and to prosecute cases through Special Assistant U.S. Attorneys (SAUSAs) with substantive knowledge in the field. Particular attention should be given to addressing increasing incidents of forced labor trafficking in temporary work visa programs. While the Biden regulatory agenda has focused on at least two major rules—the credible fear rule and the public charge rule—USCIS has utilized other policy and internal procedural mechanisms to extend employment authorization to large groups of people who are in the country without legal status. The agency has taken quiet steps to cut corners and lessen adjudicatory standards. During a tran- sition period, a complete audit of agency policies, memoranda, and management directives issued during the Biden Administration should be completed, and rescis- sion documents should be prepared for issuance within the first few days of the incoming Administration. Additionally, regulatory documents should be drafted to review or reverse all regulations promulgated during the Biden Administration. New Policies To advance the national interest, the three core immigration agencies—USCIS, ICE, and CBP—should remerge and have immigration elements outside of DHS (such as ORR of HHS) included. The fragmented immigration enforcement frame- work that developed in the wake of the Homeland Security Act has weakened each agency and should be remediated. Combining these critical agencies would strengthen their capabilities, ensure cooperation, and promote information-shar- ing. Agency responsibilities and the delineation of authorities, such as inconsistent use of deferred action and issuance of NTAs by each agency, have long been a point of contention that would be addressed much more easily if they were recombined into a single entity. Alternatively, new policies for USCIS as it currently exists should focus on mat- ters that can be addressed through administrative action. l The workforce should be realigned and, as necessary, retrained on base eligibility and fraud detection rather than speed in processing. l Training should be returned to Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC), which would underscore the enforcement role of USCIS as a vetting agency, and be rebranded accordingly. — 145 — Department of Homeland Security l Management Directives and policies should realign to ensure that the workforce, while adaptable and able to handle the bulk of the USCIS mission, is not allowed to be pulled off mission work to focus on unlawful programs (DACA, mass parole for Afghans, Ukrainians, Venezuelans, etc.), which divert resources away from nuclear family and employment programs. The regulatory agenda should include the immediate submission of notices of proposed rulemaking for the Trump Administration’s public charge rule (includ- ing aspects from its original notice of proposed rulemaking), temporary work visa reform, employment authorization reform rules, asylum bars rule, and a third-country transit rule. At a minimum, an enhanced regulatory agenda should include rules strengthening the integrity of the asylum system, parole reform, and U visa reform that prioritizes relief for victims of heinous crimes and ensures that we protect the truest and most deserving victims of crime. Not all policy changes require formal rulemaking, however, as internal guidance documents are generally exempt under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA).7 In this subregulatory space, USCIS policy memos and operational guidance should reduce the validity of employment authorization documents and end the COVID flexibilities, including the reliance on biometrics reuse. USCIS should also enforce existing regulations by rejecting incomplete applications and petitions, ensuring both that they are completed before accepted for filing and that FDNS signs off on all approved applications and petitions before approval notices are sent to the alien or petitioner. Other efforts should be focused on adjudication standards returning to nearly 100 percent interview requirements for all appropriate cases. The incoming Administration should spearhead an immigration legislative agenda focused on creating a merit-based immigration system that rewards high- skilled aliens instead of the current system that favors extended family–based and luck-of-the-draw immigration. To that end, the diversity visa lottery should be repealed, chain migration should be ended while focusing on the nuclear family, and the existing employment visa program should be replaced with a system to award visas only to the “best and brightest.” Internal efforts to limit employment authorization should be matched by con- gressional action to narrow statutory eligibility to work in the United States and mitigate unfair employment competition for U.S. citizens. The oft-abused H-1B program should be transformed into an elite program through which employers are vying to bring in only the top foreign workers at the highest wages so as not to depress American opportunities. Additionally, Congress should: l Improve the integrity of the temporary work visa programs; l Repeal Temporary Protected Status (TPS) designations;

Trade

Minimal

Vector: 58%

Pages: 834-836AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 98 deals with repealing outdated federal criminal statutes, whereas the Project 2025 Trade section focuses on trade policy reforms such as repealing the Jones Act, restoring trade promotion authority, and addressing tariffs; there is no substantive overlap between the two."

Key themes:none

— 801 — Trade l Repeal the Jones Act,48 a century-old “Buy American” maritime law that has decimated the U.S. shipbuilding industry. l Work with Congress to restore the President’s Trade Promotion Authority, which would expedite the negotiation of trade agreements with the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Taiwan, the European Union, and other allies, and keep trade-unrelated provisions out of trade agreements. l Restore the World Trade Organization’s dispute resolution process to full strength. l Create a successor to the WTO (assuming that it has been fatally wounded) that is open only to liberal democracies. This would prevent authoritarian countries like China from abusing the organization for their own ends. l Adopt a multi-pronged China strategy to convince the Chinese government to reform its illiberal human rights and trade policies. l Rejoin the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), whose 11 members are developing institutional trade norms in an important geopolitical region without U.S. input or involvement. l Reorient the proposed Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity to focus only on trade issues, which it currently ignores in favor of progressive wish-list policies. l Strengthen diplomatic pressure (in concert with allies) against Beijing’s abuses. Encourage cultural and intellectual engagement with the Chinese people, remembering that blue jeans and rock ’n’ roll helped to win the Cold War. Tariff Relief. When people try something repeatedly and it still doesn’t work, they should stop doing it—especially when the consequences turn out to be just what conservative economists have long predicted they would be.49 With tariffs, the proper reform is not only to get rid of the individual tariffs that have backfired, but also to build institutional safeguards against future abuse. We are five years into the biggest experiment with tariffs since the Great Depres- sion, and the results are in: The new tariffs raise consumer prices for ordinary Americans by about $1,200 per household every year50 and benefit only a small number of special interests. Steel and aluminum tariffs, enacted on national security grounds, angered allies. Beijing made not a single substantive reform in — 802 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise response to four rounds of tariffs plus an attempted Phase One agreement. The Biden Administration has left the tariffs in place and is expanding them to pursue progressive policy goals. The first order of business for a new Administration that is focused on American workers and consumers is to repeal all tariffs enacted under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 196251 and Sections 201 and 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.52 The President can do this unilaterally, and Congress can do it through legislation. The second order of business requires Congress to pass legislation repealing Sections 232, 201, and 301. The U.S. Constitution places all taxing authority with Congress53 and none with the President. Congress used those provisions of law to delegate some of its taxing authority to the President because it was having trouble passing “clean” tariff legislation in the 1960s and 1970s. Unless and until this constitutional question about delegation is addressed, important reforms are available to the next Congress and the next President. Congress faced a problem of collective action in the 1960s and 1970s. As a whole, Members generally wanted to lower tariffs, but few individual Members were will- ing to remove tariffs that benefited special interests in their districts. Trade bills were invariably watered down through amendments and logrolling. The thinking was that the President, whose constituency is the entire nation, would be less prone to special-interest pleading than Members of Congress would be, so Congress del- egated some of its tariff-making authority to the President in 1962 and 1974 trade legislation. Delegating tariff-making might have worked in the short run, but in the long run, it was both constitutionally dubious and ripe for abuse. That came to pass in 2018. The Section 232 steel and aluminum tariffs, invoked in 2018 against Canada, Europe, and other allies on national security grounds, raised car prices by an aver- age of $250 per vehicle and gave America the world’s highest steel prices. They also harmed the construction, canned food and beverage, and other metal-us- ing industries. While this may have benefited the steel industry itself, each steel job saved cost an average of $650,000 per year that had been taken from elsewhere in the econo- my.54 That is no way to strengthen American manufacturing. The New York Federal Reserve estimated in 2019 that the Section 301 China tariffs cost the average house- hold $831 per year,55 a figure that has likely increased with inflation. The new tariffs have a clear record of failure—as conservative economists almost unanimously warned would be the case. Job number one for the next Administration is to return to sensible trade policies and eliminate the destruc- tive Trump–Biden tariffs. Strengthening American Manufacturing. The decline of American manu- facturing is a common political trope in both parties, typically invoked before a call for more government intervention. This narrative has several problems. One is that

Department of Homeland Security

Minimal

Vector: 58%

Pages: 180-182AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"HR 98 focuses on repealing outdated federal criminal statutes, which is unrelated to the immigration‑focused DHS objectives in Project 2025 such as unaccompanied minors, asylum reform, or parole reform."

— 148 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Unaccompanied minors 1. Congress should repeal Section 235 of the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (TVPRA),9 which provides numerous immigration benefits to unaccompanied alien children and only encourages more parents to send their children across the border illegally and unaccompanied. These children too often become trafficking victims, which means that the TVPRA has failed. 2. If an alternative to repealing Section 235 of the TVPRA is necessary, the section should be amended so that all unaccompanied children, regardless of nationality, may be returned to their home countries in a safe and efficient manner. Currently, the TVPRA allows only children from contiguous countries (Canada and Mexico) to be returned while every other unaccompanied minor must be placed into a lengthy process that usually results in the minor’s landing in the custody of an illegal alien family member. 3. Congress must end the Flores Settlement Agreement by explicitly setting nationwide terms and standards for family and unaccompanied detention and housing. Such standards should focus on meeting human needs and should allow for large-scale use of temporary facilities (for example, tents). 4. Congress should amend the Homeland Security Act and portions of the TVPRA to move detention of alien children expressly from the Department of Health and Human Services to DHS. l Asylum reform 1. The standard for a credible fear of persecution should be raised and aligned to the standard for asylum. It should also account specifically for credibility determinations that are a key element of the asylum claim. 2. Codify former asylum bars and third-country transit rules. 3. Congress should eliminate the particular social group protected ground as vague and overbroad or, in the alternative, provide a clear definition with parameters that at a minimum codify the holding in Matter of A-B- that gang violence and domestic violence are not grounds for asylum.10 — 149 — Department of Homeland Security l Parole reform. Congress should end the widespread abuse of parole in contravention of statute and return it to its origins as an extraordinary remedy for very limited purposes. l NGOs and processing. Congress should halt funds given to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to process and transport illegal aliens into and throughout the United States. Such funds and infrastructure, including the DHS joint processing centers, should be redirected to secure the border, detain aliens, and provide space for immigration court proceedings. l Other pathways for border crossers. While Congress should use its oversight authority to ensure that Expedited Removal is used to the fullest extent and followed to the letter of the law, other paths for border crossers should be included in a legislative package. 1. Migrant protection protocols. Update the statutory language providing the basis for the Remain in Mexico program as needed to withstand judicial scrutiny and executive inaction. 2. Asylum Cooperative Agreements. While the agreements themselves must be negotiated, Congress should mandate that the executive branch work faithfully to negotiate and execute ACAs and set parameters to ensure that an unwilling executive cannot renege on an existing agreement or abandon the effort. 3. Other expedited pathways. Congress should explicitly permit programs akin to the Prompt Asylum Claim Review (PACR) and Humanitarian Asylum Review Process (HARP) programs. l Employment authorization 1. Congress should reassert control of employment authorization, which is subject to rampant regulatory abuse, and limit it to certain categories of legal immigrants and non-immigrants. 2. Congress should also permanently authorize E-Verify and make it mandatory. l State and local law enforcement

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About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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