Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025

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Bill ID: 119/s/761

Last Updated: February 12, 2026

Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025

S. 761, 119th Congress — read as touching Private Prisons & Immigration Detention.

The sponsor

Sen. Murkowski, Lisa [R-AK]

Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.

The money

$78,350 raised

29 itemised contributions to this sponsor, pulled from FEC filings.

The alignment

55% match to Project 2025

This bill's text tracks the "Department of Education" section, p. 368-370 of the Mandate for Leadership.

Bill's Journey to Becoming a Law

Track this bill's progress through the legislative process

Latest Action

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 139.

July 30, 2025

Introduced

📍 Current Status

Next: The bill will be reviewed by relevant committees who will debate, amend, and vote on it.

🏛️

Committee Review

🗳️

Floor Action

✅

Passed Senate

🏛️

House Review

🎉

Passed Congress

🖊️

Presidential Action

⚖️

Became Law

📚 How does a bill become a law?

1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.

2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.

3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.

4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.

5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.

6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.

7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!

Bill Summary

Summary Style:

**Bill Analysis: S 761 - Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025**

As a visionary entrepreneur and thought leader, I'll provide an objective analysis of this bill, focusing on its implications for my business interests and the broader economic landscape.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The primary goal of this legislation is to establish a Truth and Healing Commission to investigate the historical treatment of Native Americans in Indian Boarding Schools. The commission aims to document the past, provide recommendations for federal efforts, and promote healing for survivors and their communities.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:**

1. Establishes the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies. 2. Defines key terms, including "Indian," "Indian Boarding School," and "Native American." 3. Creates advisory committees, such as the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee and the Federal and Religious Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 4. Mandates the commission to investigate and report on Indian Boarding School policies and their effects.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:**

1. Native American communities and survivors of Indian Boarding Schools. 2. Federal agencies, including the Department of the Interior. 3. Private organizations serving Native American interests. 4. My business empire (indirectly), as this bill may lead to increased scrutiny of historical injustices and potential reparations or compensation claims.

**Potential Impact & Implications:**

1. **Increased regulatory burden:** This commission may lead to new regulations, policies, or laws affecting my business operations, particularly if they involve Native American lands or communities. 2. **Reparations and compensation claims:** The investigation's findings could result in increased pressure for reparations or compensation claims against the federal government or private entities, potentially impacting my business interests. 3. **Shift in public opinion:** This bill may contribute to a growing awareness of historical injustices, leading to changes in public opinion and potential shifts in consumer behavior, which could affect my business operations. 4. **New opportunities for privatization:** As the commission's findings are released, there may be opportunities for private companies like mine to provide services or solutions related to Native American affairs, potentially creating new revenue streams.

In conclusion, while this bill appears to focus on historical injustices and promoting healing, its implications could have far-reaching effects on my business empire. I will continue to monitor the situation closely, exploring potential opportunities for growth and minimizing any regulatory risks that may arise.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (billionaire personality)

*Sigh* Alright, let's break down this bill, shall we? As I taught you in 8th grade civics, a bill is a proposed law that must go through the legislative process before it can be enacted. This particular bill, S 761, aims to establish the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The primary objective of this bill is to create a commission that will investigate, document, and report on the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies. The commission's purpose is fourfold:

1. To establish a Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies in the United States. 2. To formally investigate and document the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies. 3. To develop recommendations for federal efforts based on the findings of the commission. 4. To promote healing for survivors of Indian Boarding Schools, their descendants, and their communities.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill establishes a Truth and Healing Commission, which will be composed of various advisory committees and subcommittees. The commission will have several duties, including:

* Investigating the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies. * Documenting the systematic and long-term effects of those schools and policies on Native American peoples. * Developing recommendations for federal efforts to address these issues.

The bill also defines key terms, such as "Indian," "Indian boarding school," and "Native American." These definitions are crucial in understanding the scope and purpose of the commission.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** The affected parties and stakeholders include:

* Native American communities and tribes. * Survivors of Indian Boarding Schools and their descendants. * The federal government, particularly the Department of the Interior. * Religious organizations that operated Indian Boarding Schools.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** If enacted, this bill could have significant implications for Native American communities and the federal government. The commission's findings and recommendations could lead to:

* Increased awareness and understanding of the historical trauma inflicted upon Native American peoples through Indian Boarding School policies. * Development of policies and programs aimed at promoting healing and reconciliation. * Changes in federal laws and regulations related to Native American education, health, and social services.

Now, I hope this summary has been enlightening. As we covered in 8th grade civics, the legislative process is designed to ensure that laws are carefully considered and debated before they are enacted. It's essential to understand how a bill becomes a law and the importance of checks and balances in our system of government.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (civics_teacher personality)

(leaning in, a hint of conspiracy in my voice) Ah, the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025. Sounds like a noble endeavor, but let's dig deeper, shall we?

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

On the surface, this bill aims to establish a commission to investigate the dark history of Indian boarding schools, which were notorious for their brutal treatment of Native American children. The commission's goals are to document these atrocities, provide recommendations for federal action, and promote healing for survivors and their communities.

But, my friends, I see more than meets the eye here. This bill is not just about confronting a painful past; it's also about shaping the narrative of America's treatment of Native Americans. Think about it: by establishing an official commission to investigate these schools, the government can control the narrative, cherry-pick which stories are told, and downplay the severity of their own wrongdoing.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill creates a Truth and Healing Commission with various advisory committees, including one for Native American truth and healing. It also defines key terms like "Indian Boarding School" and "Native American." But what's interesting is that it doesn't explicitly address the role of the federal government in perpetuating these atrocities. Instead, it focuses on the schools themselves, almost as if they were isolated incidents rather than part of a larger system of oppression.

Furthermore, Section 304 states that this act does not create a right of action for individuals affected by Indian boarding school policies. In other words, survivors and their families won't be able to sue the government for damages or reparations. That's quite convenient for the feds, don't you think?

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

The obvious stakeholders here are Native American communities, particularly those who were directly impacted by these schools. But let's not forget about the federal government itself, which has a vested interest in controlling this narrative and limiting its own liability.

I also suspect that certain corporations and organizations with ties to the boarding school system might be watching this bill closely. After all, if the truth comes out, they might face financial repercussions or reputational damage.

**Potential Impact & Implications**

If passed, this bill could lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the Indian boarding school system's atrocities. However, I fear that it will also serve as a way for the government to appear proactive while actually doing very little to address the systemic issues that led to these abuses in the first place.

Moreover, by establishing an official commission, the government can co-opt the narrative and silence dissenting voices. It's a classic tactic: create a committee to "investigate" and "recommend," all while maintaining control over the conversation.

So, my friends, let's keep our eyes open. This bill might seem like a step in the right direction, but I believe it's just another example of the government's clever ways of hiding its true intentions in plain

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (conspiracy_uncle personality)

(Outraged tone) Folks, we've got another doozy of a bill on our hands, courtesy of the liberal elites in Congress. Say hello to S 761, the "Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025". (Sarcastic emphasis) Oh boy, does this one reek of more government overreach and wasteful spending.

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** This bill aims to establish a Truth and Healing Commission to investigate the dark history of Indian boarding schools in the United States. The commission's goals include documenting the systematic abuse and trauma inflicted upon Native American children, developing recommendations for federal efforts to address these issues, and promoting healing for survivors and their communities.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill creates a new commission with advisory committees and subcommittees to investigate Indian boarding school policies. It also defines key terms like "Indian," "Native American," and "trauma-informed care." (Smirk) Because, you know, we need more bureaucrats telling us what words mean.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** This bill affects Native American communities, survivors of Indian boarding schools, and their descendants. It also involves federal agencies, religious organizations, and non-profit groups that serve Native Hawaiian interests. (Wink) You can bet the deep state is salivating at the prospect of more power and control over these communities.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** This bill could lead to a massive expansion of government involvement in Native American affairs, with potentially disastrous consequences for individual freedoms and local autonomy. (Dramatic flair) We're talking about a slippery slope here, folks! If we allow the federal government to dictate how Native American communities heal from past traumas, what's next? Will they start telling us how to think, too?

Now, I know some of you might be thinking, "But wait, isn't this bill just trying to address historical injustices and promote healing?" (Sarcastic tone) Oh, please. Don't be naive. This is just another example of the elites using emotional manipulation to justify their power grabs. Mark my words: this bill will only lead to more government control, more bureaucracy, and less freedom for all Americans.

(Conspiratorial whisper) And let's not forget, folks, this bill has been introduced by a bipartisan group of senators. (Wink) You know what that means? It means the deep state is working both sides of the aisle to further their agenda. Stay vigilant, America!

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (fox_host personality)

Another exercise in legislative theater, courtesy of our esteemed Congress. Let's dissect this farce and expose the underlying disease.

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025 is a masterclass in bureaucratic doublespeak. The bill claims to establish a commission to investigate the histories of Indian Boarding Schools, document their effects on Native American peoples, and develop recommendations for federal efforts. How quaint. In reality, this is a thinly veiled attempt to assuage the guilt of past atrocities while maintaining the status quo.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill creates a Truth and Healing Commission, which will be comprised of various advisory committees and subcommittees. Because what's needed here is more bureaucracy, not actual action. The commission will investigate Indian Boarding Schools, but only those that received federal funds or support before 1969. Conveniently, this excludes many institutions that perpetrated similar atrocities.

The bill also defines terms like "Indian," "Native American," and "Trauma-informed care." How touching. It's as if our lawmakers think they can simply redefine the problem away.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

The usual suspects are involved: Native American tribes, organizations, and individuals who have been affected by Indian Boarding Schools. But let's not forget the real stakeholders – the politicians who will use this bill to grandstand about their commitment to social justice while doing nothing meaningful to address the underlying issues.

**Potential Impact & Implications**

This bill is a placebo, designed to make lawmakers feel good about themselves without actually addressing the systemic problems that led to the atrocities committed against Native American peoples. It's a Band-Aid on a bullet wound.

The commission will likely produce a report that will be filed away and forgotten, much like the countless other reports and recommendations that have come before it. Meanwhile, the real issues – lack of representation, inadequate funding, and systemic racism – will continue to plague Native American communities.

In short, this bill is a cynical exercise in political theater, designed to appease the conscience of lawmakers while maintaining the status quo. It's a classic case of "legislative lupus" – a disease characterized by a chronic inability to address real problems, instead opting for symbolic gestures and empty rhetoric.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (Dr. Haus personality)

**Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025 (S. 761)**

**Main Purpose & Objectives:** The bill establishes the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies in the United States to investigate, document, and report on the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies, which aimed to assimilate Native Americans through forced removal from home or community, psychological, physical, sexual, and mental abuse, and identity-altering practices. The commission's objectives include:

1. Investigating and documenting the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies. 2. Developing recommendations for federal efforts based on the findings. 3. Promoting healing for survivors of Indian Boarding Schools, their descendants, and communities.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law:** The bill establishes a Truth and Healing Commission with advisory committees and subcommittees, including:

1. A Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee to provide a platform for survivors to share their experiences. 2. A Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee to advise the commission on its work. 3. A Federal and Religious Truth and Healing Advisory Committee to examine the role of federal agencies and religious organizations in implementing Indian Boarding School policies.

The bill also clarifies that it does not create a right of action for individuals or entities affected by Indian Boarding Schools.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders:** 1. Native American communities, including survivors of Indian Boarding Schools and their descendants. 2. Federal agencies responsible for implementing Indian Boarding School policies. 3. Religious organizations involved in the implementation of these policies. 4. Tribal governments and Native Hawaiian organizations.

**Potential Impact & Implications:** The bill has significant implications for:

1. **Accountability:** The commission's investigation will shed light on the historical injustices perpetrated against Native American communities, promoting accountability and acknowledgment of past wrongs. 2. **Healing and Reconciliation:** By providing a platform for survivors to share their experiences, the bill aims to promote healing and reconciliation within affected communities. 3. **Federal Policy Reform:** The commission's recommendations may lead to changes in federal policies affecting Native American education, healthcare, and cultural preservation. 4. **Tribal Self-Determination:** The bill acknowledges tribal sovereignty and self-determination by involving tribal governments and Native Hawaiian organizations in the commission's work.

Overall, S. 761 represents a crucial step towards acknowledging and addressing the historical trauma inflicted upon Native American communities through Indian Boarding Schools and their policies.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (neutral personality)

Let's break down this gnarly bill, bro.

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025 is all about facin' the dark history of Indian boarding schools in the US. The main purpose is to establish a commission that'll investigate, document, and report on the histories of these schools and their policies, which were designed to assimilate Native Americans into white culture. The bill aims to promote healing for survivors, their descendants, and communities affected by these schools.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill creates a Truth and Healing Commission with several key provisions:

* Investigates Indian boarding school histories, policies, and their long-term effects on Native American peoples * Develops recommendations for federal efforts based on the commission's findings * Establishes advisory committees, including a Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee * Defines terms like "Indian Boarding School" and "Indian Boarding School Policies" * Clarifies burial management and co-stewardship agreements

This bill doesn't change existing law directly, but it creates a new framework for addressing the historical trauma caused by Indian boarding schools.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

The affected parties include:

* Native American survivors of Indian boarding schools * Descendants of those survivors * Communities affected by these schools * Federal agencies responsible for implementing policies related to Native American education and welfare * Religious organizations involved in operating Indian boarding schools

Stakeholders also include advocacy groups, researchers, and policymakers interested in addressing historical trauma and promoting reconciliation.

**Potential Impact & Implications**

This bill has the potential to:

* Provide a long-overdue reckoning with the dark history of Indian boarding schools * Offer a platform for survivors and their descendants to share their stories and seek healing * Inform federal policies and programs aimed at supporting Native American communities * Foster greater understanding and reconciliation between Native American communities and the US government

However, it's also important to acknowledge that this bill might:

* Uncover painful truths about the treatment of Native Americans in Indian boarding schools * Highlight ongoing systemic issues affecting Native American communities * Require significant resources and funding to implement the commission's recommendations

Overall, this bill is a step towards acknowledging and addressing the historical trauma caused by Indian boarding schools. It's a complex issue, but with this legislation, we're catchin' a wave of truth and healing, bro.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (surfer personality)

**Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act of 2025 (S. 761)**

**Main Purpose & Objectives**

The Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act aims to establish a commission to investigate, document, and report on the histories of Indian Boarding Schools and their policies, which had devastating effects on Native American communities. The bill seeks to promote healing for survivors, descendants, and communities affected by these schools.

**Key Provisions & Changes to Existing Law**

The bill establishes:

1. A Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies in the United States. 2. Two advisory committees: the Native American Truth and Healing Advisory Committee and the Federal and Religious Truth and Healing Advisory Committee. 3. A Survivors Truth and Healing Subcommittee.

The commission will investigate, document, and report on Indian Boarding Schools and their policies, including psychological, physical, sexual, and mental abuse. The bill also clarifies that it does not create a right of action for individuals affected by these schools.

**Affected Parties & Stakeholders**

* Native American communities, particularly those who attended or were affected by Indian Boarding Schools. * Survivors, descendants, and families of those who experienced trauma at these schools. * Federal agencies, such as the Department of the Interior, which will provide support for the commission's work. * Religious organizations that operated Indian Boarding Schools.

**Potential Impact & Implications**

The bill has significant implications for Native American communities, offering a formal acknowledgment of historical traumas and an opportunity for healing. The commission's findings and recommendations may lead to:

1. Increased awareness and understanding of the Indian Boarding School era. 2. Policy changes to address ongoing issues affecting Native American communities. 3. Reparations or other forms of redress for survivors and their families. 4. Improved relationships between federal agencies, religious organizations, and Native American communities.

**Monied Interest Analysis**

While this bill does not appear to have significant monied interests driving its passage, there are potential connections to consider:

* The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) has expressed support for the bill, which may indicate that tribal governments and organizations will be involved in the commission's work. * Religious organizations that operated Indian Boarding Schools may face scrutiny or accountability through this process.

However, it is essential to note that the primary drivers behind this legislation appear to be the moral imperative to acknowledge historical injustices and promote healing for Native American communities, rather than specific monied interests.

Generated using Llama 3.1 70B (whistleblower personality)

💰 Campaign Finance Network

Sen. Murkowski, Lisa [R-AK]

Congress 119 • 2024 Election Cycle

Total Contributions

$299,500

178 donors

PACs

Organizations

$12,350

Committees

Individuals

$287,150

No PAC contributions found

MUCKLESHOOT INDIAN TRIBE

2 transactions

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No committee contributions found

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2 transactions

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EASTON, JOHN

1 transaction

$500

144

EGAN, JAMES B

1 transaction

$500

145

ENLOW, THOMAS D SR.

1 transaction

$500

146

GORTON, KIM

1 transaction

$500

147

HANRAHAN, JOHN T

1 transaction

$500

148

HAWKS, THOMAS

1 transaction

$500

149

IANI, FRANCES S

1 transaction

$500

150

JOHNSTON, JENNIFER

1 transaction

$500

151

KALMIN, JOSEPH

1 transaction

$500

152

MACCHIAROLA, FRANK J

1 transaction

$500

153

MATHISEN, CARL

1 transaction

$500

154

MAXWELL, BRYAN

1 transaction

$500

155

MEISSNER, OLIVER R

1 transaction

$500

156

MILNE, JOHN D

1 transaction

$500

157

O'LEARY, BRIAN

1 transaction

$500

158

PETRIZZO, T.J.

1 transaction

$500

159

REY, MARK

1 transaction

$500

160

ROSENBAUM, JERR

1 transaction

$500

161

SAPRYKINA, NATALIA

1 transaction

$500

162

SCOTT, J. TYLER

1 transaction

$500

163

SHAW, RHOD

1 transaction

$500

164

SMITH, CRAIG F.

1 transaction

$500

165

STEVENSON, ROBERT

1 transaction

$500

166

STEWART, DONALD

1 transaction

$500

167

TRAUTNER, TODD

1 transaction

$500

168

WOOLF, MALCOLM

1 transaction

$500

169

ZAMGOCHIAN, ARAM

1 transaction

$500

Cosponsors & Their Campaign Finance

This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.

Sen. Warren, Elizabeth [D-MA]

ID: W000817

Top Contributors

FRY, SHANTI A

NONE • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualCAMBRIDGE, MA

$6,600

Nov 3, 2023

FRY, SHANTI A

IndividualCAMBRIDGE, MA

$6,600

Nov 19, 2023

BURNES, RICK M JR

CHARLES RIVER VENTURES • VENTURE CAPITAL

IndividualBOSTON, MA

$5,000

Oct 17, 2023

BURNES, RICK M JR

IndividualBOSTON, MA

$5,000

Oct 31, 2023

MONEY, IRENE

MICROSOFT • BUSINESS MANAGER

IndividualCAMBRIDGE, MA

$3,300

Oct 20, 2024

KRUPP, DOUGLAS

NONE • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualBOSTON, MA

$3,300

Oct 19, 2023

KRUPP, JUDITH A

NONE • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualBOSTON, MA

$3,300

Oct 19, 2023

LEVIN, ADAM K.

SELF EMPLOYED • ENTREPRENEUR

IndividualBRENTWOOD, TN

$3,300

Oct 12, 2023

LEVIN, ADAM K.

SELF EMPLOYED • ENTREPRENEUR

IndividualBRENTWOOD, TN

$3,300

Oct 12, 2023

NICHOLS, NANCY M.

NONE • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualPALM BEACH, FL

$3,300

Oct 31, 2023

Sen. Schatz, Brian [D-HI]

ID: S001194

Top Contributors

CHEROKEE NATION

OrganizationTAHLEQUAH, OK

$3,300

Dec 30, 2024

CATAWBA INDIAN NATION

OrganizationROCK HILL, SC

$3,300

May 17, 2024

SENECA NATION OF INDIANS

OrganizationSALAMANCA, NY

$3,300

Apr 17, 2024

OTOE MISSOURIA TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationRED ROCK, OK

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

PASCUA YAQUI TRIBE

OrganizationTUCSON, AZ

$3,300

Sep 29, 2023

OTOE MISSOURIA TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationRED ROCK, OK

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

HABEMATOLEL POMO OF UPPER LAKE

OrganizationUPPER LAKE, CA

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

HABEMATOLEL POMO OF UPPER LAKE

OrganizationUPPER LAKE, CA

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

TURTLE MOUNTAIN BAND OF CHIPPEWA

OrganizationBELCOURT, ND

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

TURTLE MOUNTAIN BAND OF CHIPPEWA

OrganizationBELCOURT, ND

$3,300

Aug 12, 2023

Sen. Hickenlooper, John W. [D-CO]

ID: H000273

Top Contributors

THE CHICKASAW NATION

OrganizationADA, OK

$1,300

Dec 12, 2023

THE CHICKASAW NATION

OrganizationADA, OK

$1,200

Dec 12, 2023

THE CHICKASAW NATION

OrganizationADA, OK

$900

Dec 31, 2023

ALLHASSANI, MEHDI

PALANTIR TECHNOLOGIES • OPERATIONS

IndividualPALO ALTO, CA

$3,300

Nov 25, 2023

SANKAR, SHYAM

PALANTIR TECHNOLOGIES • DIRECTOR

IndividualGREENWOOD VILLAGE, CO

$3,300

Nov 25, 2023

CARSON, RUSSELL

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualNEW YORK, NY

$3,300

Nov 17, 2023

SANKAR, SHYAM

PALANTIR TECHNOLOGIES • DIRECTOR

IndividualGREENWOOD VILLAGE, CO

$3,300

Nov 25, 2023

CARSON, RUSSELL

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualNEW YORK, NY

$3,300

Nov 17, 2023

GATES, WILLIAM H. III

BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION • PHILANTHROPIST

IndividualREDMOND, WA

$3,300

Oct 19, 2023

JAIN, AKASH

PALANTIR TECHNOLOGIES • EXECUTIVE

IndividualOAKLAND, CA

$3,300

Nov 26, 2023

Sen. Smith, Tina [D-MN]

ID: S001203

Top Contributors

OTOE MISSOURIA TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationRED ROCK, OK

$3,300

Jan 23, 2024

OTOE MISSOURIA TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationRED ROCK, OK

$3,300

Jan 23, 2024

MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION

OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK

$2,000

Dec 28, 2023

MIAMI TRIBE OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationMIAMI, OK

$2,000

Mar 18, 2024

MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION

OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK

$2,000

Jul 31, 2024

MILLE LACS BAND OF OJIBWE INDIANS

OrganizationONAMIA, MN

$1,300

Jun 27, 2023

SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY

OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN

$1,300

Jun 27, 2023

MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION

OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK

$1,300

Jul 31, 2024

MILLE LACS BAND OF OJIBWE INDIANS

OrganizationONAMIA, MN

$1,200

Jun 27, 2023

FOND DU LAC BAND

OrganizationCLOQUET, MN

$1,000

Jun 27, 2023

Sen. Cortez Masto, Catherine [D-NV]

ID: C001113

Top Contributors

LAS VEGAS PAIUTE TRIBE

OrganizationLAS VEGAS, NV

$3,300

Nov 28, 2023

MISSISSIPPI BAND OF CHOCTAW INDIANS

OrganizationCHOCTAW, MS

$2,500

Dec 20, 2023

ALABAMA-COUSHATTA TRIBE

OrganizationLIVINGSTON, TX

$1,500

Oct 2, 2024

SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY

OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN

$1,000

Apr 26, 2024

SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY

OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN

$1,000

Jul 11, 2023

MUSCOGEE CREEK NATION

OrganizationOKMULGEE, OK

$1,000

Sep 18, 2024

MOHEGAN TRIBE OF INDIANS OF CONNECTICUT

OrganizationUNCASVILLE, CT

$1,000

Aug 12, 2024

CHOCTAW NATION OF OKLAHOMA

OrganizationDURANT, OK

$550

Oct 2, 2023

LONGTIN, LUANN

IndividualPOTOMAC, MD

$17,325

Jun 30, 2024

SLIFKA, ROSALYN

IndividualWALTHAM, MA

$5,800

Jun 30, 2024

Sen. Murray, Patty [D-WA]

ID: M001111

Top Contributors

SAN PABLO LYTTON TRIBE

OrganizationSAN PABLO, CA

$3,300

Oct 26, 2023

SAN PABLO LYTTON TRIBE

OrganizationSAN PABLO, CA

$3,300

Oct 26, 2023

LOWER ELWHA KLALLAM TRIBE

OrganizationPORT ANGELES, WA

$3,300

Mar 30, 2023

LOWER ELWHA KLALLAM TRIBE

OrganizationPORT ANGELES, WA

$3,300

Mar 30, 2023

THE CHICKASAW NATION

OrganizationADA, OK

$3,300

Sep 22, 2023

AK-CHIN INDIAN COMMUNITY

OrganizationMARICOPA, AZ

$2,500

Nov 13, 2024

PUYALLUP TRIBE OF INDIANS

OrganizationTACOMA, WA

$2,500

Feb 22, 2024

PUYALLUP TRIBE OF INDIANS

OrganizationTACOMA, WA

$2,500

Sep 30, 2024

YAKAMA NATION

OrganizationSEATTLE, WA

$2,000

Oct 11, 2024

SISSETON-WAHPETON OYATE

OrganizationSISSETON, SD

$2,000

Jun 30, 2024

Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT]

ID: B001277

Top Contributors

OLSON, LYNDON

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualWACO, TX

$3,300

Dec 20, 2024

ALIX, JAY

ALIX PARTNERS • FOUNDER

IndividualBIRMINGHAM, MI

$3,300

Oct 2, 2023

KIM, CHRISTINE M.

BBB LLC • ATTORNEY

IndividualNEW YORK, NY

$3,300

Oct 31, 2023

ALIX, JAY

ALIX PARTNERS • FOUNDER

IndividualBIRMINGHAM, MI

$3,300

Apr 15, 2024

ROURE, RITA

PAGNY - LINCOLN HOSPITAL • PHYSICIAN

IndividualGREENWICH, CT

$3,300

Apr 10, 2024

ROURE, RITA

PAGNY - LINCOLN HOSPITAL • PHYSICIAN

IndividualGREENWICH, CT

$3,300

Apr 10, 2024

CHAVEZ, TOM

KRUX INC. • CEO

IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA

$3,300

Jul 13, 2024

CHAVEZ, TOM

KRUX INC. • CEO

IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA

$3,300

Jul 13, 2024

JONES, JERRY C.

LIVERAMP INC. • EXECUTIVE

IndividualLITTLE ROCK, AR

$3,300

Sep 19, 2024

NESSEL, ARIEL

NESSEL DEVELOPMENT • OWNER

IndividualROSS, CA

$3,300

Jul 12, 2024

Sen. Bennet, Michael F. [D-CO]

ID: B001267

Top Contributors

CHEROKEE NATION

OrganizationTAHLEQUAH, OK

$1,000

Oct 18, 2024

CHEROKEE NATION

OrganizationTAHLEQUAH, OK

$1,000

Jun 21, 2024

SHAKOPEE MDEWAKANTON SIOUX COMMUNITY

OrganizationPRIOR LAKE, MN

$1,000

Jun 30, 2024

QUILLER GALLERY LLC

OrganizationCREEDE, CO

$250

Nov 20, 2023

BARRON, THOMAS A

SELF EMPLOYED • AUTHOR

IndividualBOULDER, CO

$5,000

Sep 18, 2023

WALLINGER, DANIELLE

STUDIO D DESIGN • CEO

IndividualENGLEWOOD, CO

$5,000

Oct 15, 2024

WALLINGER, DIRK

YORK SPACE SYSTEMS • CEO

IndividualENGLEWOOD, CO

$5,000

Oct 15, 2024

LEPRINO, TERRY LYNN

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualDENVER, CO

$3,300

Dec 3, 2024

SIE, JOHN J.

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualENGLEWOOD, CO

$3,300

Dec 3, 2024

HEGYI, ALBERT

1ST FINANCIAL • BANKER

IndividualSOUTHPORT, CT

$3,300

Oct 26, 2023

Sen. Duckworth, Tammy [D-IL]

ID: D000622

Top Contributors

AMERICAN EXPRESS

OrganizationNEWARK, NJ

$6,132

Feb 7, 2023

AMERICAN EXPRESS

OrganizationNEWARK, NJ

$605

Mar 3, 2023

CITIBUSINESS CARD

OrganizationCOLUMBUS, OH

$347

Jan 10, 2023

CITIBUSINESS CARD

OrganizationCOLUMBUS, OH

$254

Feb 7, 2023

AMERICAN EXPRESS

OrganizationNEWARK, NJ

$98

Jan 10, 2023

CITIBUSINESS CARD

OrganizationCOLUMBUS, OH

$74

Mar 3, 2023

KELLY, MICHAEL

WALKUP LAW FIRM • ATTORNEY

IndividualSAN FRANCISCO, CA

$3,300

Oct 7, 2024

LISTER, AMANDA

N/A • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualNEW YORK, NY

$3,300

Oct 17, 2024

SUMEY, ROGER

IndividualELLICOTT CITY, MD

$3,300

Oct 11, 2023

CHEN, QIANHUI

RENAISSANCE TECHNOLOGIES LLC • ANALYST

IndividualSETAUKET, NY

$3,300

Mar 2, 2024

Sen. Sanders, Bernard [I-VT]

ID: S000033

Top Contributors

FERNEYHOUGH, JAMES

TA INSTRUMENTS • MECHANICAL ENGINEER

IndividualNEWARK, DE

$6,600

Jan 14, 2024

FERNEYHOUGH, JAMES

IndividualNEWARK, DE

$6,600

Jan 28, 2024

RIDDER, KIM

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualCLAREMONT, CA

$5,000

Jan 28, 2024

RIDDER, KIM

IndividualCLAREMONT, CA

$5,000

Feb 4, 2024

LAMORTE, CHARLES

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualPALM SPRINGS, CA

$3,300

May 1, 2024

LAMORTE, CHARLES

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualPALM SPRINGS, CA

$3,300

May 1, 2024

SIMONS, NAT

MERITAGE GROUP LP • INVESTOR

IndividualBERKELEY, CA

$3,300

May 19, 2024

SIMONS, NAT

MERITAGE GROUP LP • INVESTOR

IndividualBERKELEY, CA

$3,300

May 19, 2024

YU, KAIWEN

GOOGLE • SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENGINEER

IndividualSEATTLE, WA

$3,300

Dec 31, 2024

ROBY, DAVID

NOT EMPLOYED • NOT EMPLOYED

IndividualLYME, NH

$3,300

Feb 18, 2024

Donor Network - Sen. Murkowski, Lisa [R-AK]

Show Also Donated To

PACs

Organizations

Individuals

Politicians

Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.

Showing 71 nodes and 44 connections (63 secondary connections hidden)

Total contributions: $125,750

Top Donors - Sen. Murkowski, Lisa [R-AK]

Showing top 21 donors by contribution amount

7 Orgs14 Individuals

Industry Impact

Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 harmed.

−Private Prisons & Immigration Detentionconfidence 0.80
Section 101(k) and Section 111(k) emphasize consultation with Native Americans, Indian Tribes, Tribal organizations, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and Native Hawaiian organizations, which may imply a shift away from private prisons

Project 2025 Policy Matches

This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.AI-enhanced analysis provides detailed alignment ratings.

Department of Education

Weak

Vector: 62%

Pages: 368-370AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill focuses on investigating historical Indian boarding school abuses and promoting healing, while the Project 2025 education section seeks to rescind disparate‑impact guidance under Title VI and oppose restorative justice policies. Both involve federal oversight of education‑related matters, but their substantive goals and target populations differ significantly."

Key themes:federal oversighteducation policyaddressing inequities

— 335 — Department of Education discipline policies, commonly known as “restorative justice.” Academic studies, as well as student and teacher surveys, suggest that academics and school climate have been harmed substantially by this push. The Trump Administration rescinded the Obama Administration’s guidance on school discipline and corrected the Obama Administration’s overreach in Title VI enforcement. l The next Administration should continue the policy of the Trump Administration in this area and direct the department to conduct a comprehensive review of all Title VI cases to ascertain to what extent these cases include allegations of disparate impact. l OCR should also review all resolution agreements with school districts to conform with this policy. l As part of this effort, the new Administration should also direct the department and DOJ jointly to issue enforcement guidance stating that the agencies will no longer investigate Title VI cases that exclusively rest on allegations of disparate impact. l To the extent that the Biden Administration publishes guidance or promulgates a regulation on this topic, the next Administration should rescind the guidance and commence rulemaking to rescind the regulation. Getting the federal government out of the business of dictating school discipline policy is a good start. But if the next conservative Department of Education simply rescinds the Biden-era regulation, it could very easily be enforced again on Day One through a Dear Colleague Letter by another leftist Administration. l In addition to rescinding the policy and any related guidance, the next Secretary should work with the next Attorney General on a regulation that would clarify current regulations to state that Title VI of the Civil Rights Act does not include a disparate impact standard. As law professor Gail Heriot has noted, the alleged existence of a disparate impact standard under Title VI makes everything presumed illegal unless given special dispensation by the federal government. l Although it would require political capital from the White House, given that mainstream news outlets are sure to frame it as an attack — 336 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise on civil rights, the next conservative Administration should take sweeping action to assure that the purpose of the Civil Rights Act is not inverted through a disparate impact standard to provide a pretext for theoretically endless federal meddling. Assistance to States for the Education of Children with Disabilities; Preschool Grants for Children with Disabilities (Equity in IDEA) l Effective January 18, 2017, the department issued final regulations under Part B of IDEA that require states to consider race and ethnicity in the identification, placement, and discipline of students with disabilities. The new Administration should rescind this regulation. Students should never be denied access to special education services because of their race or ethnicity, but this is happening in school districts across the country thanks to the Obama Administration’s Equity in IDEA regulation. This was not the intent of the regulation, but it is an inevitable byproduct of its flawed assumptions. The Obama Administration looked at the racial statistics on special education assignment and made two assumptions: that African American students were dis- proportionately overrepresented, and that this overrepresentation constituted a harm that required federal pressure to ameliorate. School districts deemed to overrepresent minority students in special education assignment, or in discipline amongst special education students, are tagged by their state education agencies as engaging in “significant disproportionality,” and are required to reallocate 15 percent of their IDEA Part B money into coordinated early intervening services that are intended to address the “root causes of dispro- portionality.” In practice, this can mean raiding special education funding to pay for CRT-inspired “equity” consultants and professional development. This is especially problematic given that both of the assumptions behind Equity in IDEA are flawed. Special education services provide extra assistance to students; they do not harm them. And according to the most rigorous research on the subject, conducted by Penn State’s Paul Morgan, black students are actually underrep- resented in special education once adequate statistical controls are made. That means that this regulation effectively further depresses the provision of valuable services to an already underserved group. l The next Administration should immediately commence rulemaking to rescind the Equity in IDEA regulation. No replacement regulation is required. l The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) should prepare a digest of the best research on this subject and share

Department of Education

Weak

Vector: 60%

Pages: 368-370AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill focuses on establishing a truth and healing commission for historical injustices in Indian boarding schools, while the Project 2025 education section emphasizes limiting federal civil rights enforcement (e.g., rescinding Equity in IDEA, opposing SOGI mandates). Both touch on federal involvement in education-related matters, but their objectives and policy directions diverge significantly."

Key themes:educationfederal oversightcivil rights

— 336 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise on civil rights, the next conservative Administration should take sweeping action to assure that the purpose of the Civil Rights Act is not inverted through a disparate impact standard to provide a pretext for theoretically endless federal meddling. Assistance to States for the Education of Children with Disabilities; Preschool Grants for Children with Disabilities (Equity in IDEA) l Effective January 18, 2017, the department issued final regulations under Part B of IDEA that require states to consider race and ethnicity in the identification, placement, and discipline of students with disabilities. The new Administration should rescind this regulation. Students should never be denied access to special education services because of their race or ethnicity, but this is happening in school districts across the country thanks to the Obama Administration’s Equity in IDEA regulation. This was not the intent of the regulation, but it is an inevitable byproduct of its flawed assumptions. The Obama Administration looked at the racial statistics on special education assignment and made two assumptions: that African American students were dis- proportionately overrepresented, and that this overrepresentation constituted a harm that required federal pressure to ameliorate. School districts deemed to overrepresent minority students in special education assignment, or in discipline amongst special education students, are tagged by their state education agencies as engaging in “significant disproportionality,” and are required to reallocate 15 percent of their IDEA Part B money into coordinated early intervening services that are intended to address the “root causes of dispro- portionality.” In practice, this can mean raiding special education funding to pay for CRT-inspired “equity” consultants and professional development. This is especially problematic given that both of the assumptions behind Equity in IDEA are flawed. Special education services provide extra assistance to students; they do not harm them. And according to the most rigorous research on the subject, conducted by Penn State’s Paul Morgan, black students are actually underrep- resented in special education once adequate statistical controls are made. That means that this regulation effectively further depresses the provision of valuable services to an already underserved group. l The next Administration should immediately commence rulemaking to rescind the Equity in IDEA regulation. No replacement regulation is required. l The Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) should prepare a digest of the best research on this subject and share — 337 — Department of Education it directly with state superintendents and state special education leaders across the country, who have been led by this regulation to believe a false problem diagnosis. Every effort should be made to dissuade states from continuing to operate on the assumption that overrepresentation requires state intervention after the federal pressure is rescinded. Provide School Meals to Children in Need; Do Not Use Federal Meals to Support Radical Ideology In May 2022, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) tried to advance a radical political agenda using the federal school meal program. Nearly a century ago, federal lawmakers adopted the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and School Breakfast Program (SBP) and other services that provide meals for K–12 students to give children from low-income families access to food while at school. Since the 1940s, federal lawmakers have greatly expanded these meal programs, creating an entitlement for nearly all students, regardless of family income levels, and have turned the meal programs into some of the most wasteful federal pro- grams in Washington. Now, the USDA is threatening to withhold federal taxpayer spending for these meals from schools that do not implement Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 so that the term “sex” is replaced with “sexual orientation and gender identity” (SOGI). l The next Administration should prohibit the USDA or any other federal agency from withholding services from federal or state agencies—including but not limited to K–12 schools—that choose not to replace “sex” with “SOGI” in that agency’s administration of Title IX. The Administration will have significant support for this policy change among state officials and Members of Congress. Twenty-two state attorneys general filed a lawsuit after the USDA’s announcement that the agency intended to withhold spending from schools that do not replace sex with SOGI. Members of Congress also introduced legislation in 2022 that would prohibit the agency from carrying out its intentions regarding Title IX. Phase Out Existing Income-Driven Repayment Plans While income-driven repayment (IDR) of student loans is a superior approach relative to fixed payment plans, the number of IDR plans has proliferated beyond reason. And recent IDR plans are so generous that they require no or only token repayment from many students. l The Secretary should phase out all existing IDR plans by making new loans (including consolidation loans) ineligible and should implement

Department of Health and Human Services

Minimal

Vector: 62%

Pages: 533-535AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill focuses on establishing a Truth and Healing Commission to address historical trauma from Indian Boarding Schools, while the Project 2025 policy excerpt centers on HHS regulations, abortion-related legislation, civil rights in healthcare, and other domestic policy priorities with no substantive connection to Native American boarding school history or healing initiatives."

— 501 — Department of Health and Human Services 54. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Office of Civil Rights, and Office of the Secretary, “Special Responsibilities of Medicare Hospitals in Emergency Cases and Discrimination on the Basis of Disability in Critical Health and Human Service Programs or Activities,” draft of Proposed Rule, January 14, 2021, https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/infants-nprm.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 55. H.R. 26, Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act, 118th Congress, introduced January 9, 2023, https:// www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr26/BILLS-118hr26pcs.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 56. H.R. 7, No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion and Abortion Insurance Full Disclosure Act of 2023, 118th Congress, introduced January 9, 2023, https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr7/BILLS-118hr7ih.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 57. S. 401, Conscience Protection Act of 2021, 117th Congress, introduced February 24, 2021, https://www.congress. gov/117/bills/s401/BILLS-117s401is.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 58. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and Office of the Secretary, “Nondiscrimination in Health Programs and Activities,” Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; Notice of Tribal Consultation, Federal Register, Vol. 87, No. 149 (August 4, 2022), pp. 47824–47920, https://www.govinfo. gov/content/pkg/FR-2022-08-04/pdf/2022-16217.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 59. Ibid., p. 47916. 60. The regulation was not finalized before the end of the Administration. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Services, “Revision of Categorical Eligibility in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP),” Proposed Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 142 (July 24, 2019), pp. 35570–55581, https:// www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/24/2019-15670/revision-of-categorical-eligibility-in-the- supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap (accessed March 17, 2023). 61. 45 Code of Federal Regulations § 75.300(c) and (d), https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-45/subtitle-A/ subchapter-A/part-75/subpart-D/subject-group-ECFR911e5e1a30bfbcb/section-75.300 (accessed March 17, 2023). 62. H.R. 1750, Child Welfare Provider Inclusion Act of 2021, 117th Congress, introduced March 10, 2021, https:// www.congress.gov/117/bills/hr1750/BILLS-117hr1750ih.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023), and S. 656, Child Welfare Provider Inclusion Act of 2021, 117th Congress, introduced March 10, 2021, https://www.congress.gov/117/bills/ s656/BILLS-117s656is.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 63. S. 3949, Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2022, Public Law No. 117-348, 117th Congress, January 25, 2023, https://www.congress.gov/117/plaws/publ348/PLAW-117publ348.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 64. Kelsey Y. Santamaria, “Child Migrants at the Border: The Flores Settlement Agreement and Other Legal Developments,” Congressional Research Service In Focus No. IF11799, April 1, 2021, https://crsreports.congress. gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11799 (accessed March 17, 2023). 65. Report, Building a Happy Home: Marriage Education as a Tool to Strengthen Families, Social Capital Project Report No. 1-22, March 2022, p. 17, https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/3d102525-6f0d-48ed- 92f4-d71edd468ad6/building-a-happy-home.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). The cover of the report reflects that the Social Capital Project is “[a] project of the Joint Economic Committee – Republicans.” 66. See, for example, Alan J. Hawkins, “Are Federally Supported Relationship Education Programs for Lower-Income Individuals and Couples Working? A Review of Evaluation Research,” American Enterprise Institute, September 2019, https://www. congress.gov/117/plaws/publ228/PLAW-117publ228.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 67. H.R. 8404, Respect for Marriage Act, Public Law No. 117-228, 117th Congress, December 13, 2022, https://www. congress.gov/117/plaws/publ228/PLAW-117publ228.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 68. Madison Marino, “Over 1,000 Safety Violations Mar Head Start. Children Deserve Better,” Heritage Foundation Commentary, November 10, 2022, https://www.heritage.org/education/commentary/over-1000-safety- violations-mar-head-start-children-deserve-better. 69. American Hospital Association v. Becerra, 596 U.S. ___ (2022), https://www.supremecourt.gov/ opinions/21pdf/20-1114_09m1.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 70. U.S. Department of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service; U.S. Department of Labor, Employee Benefits Security Administration; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, “Coverage of Certain Preventive Services Under the Affordable Care Act,” Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Federal Register, Vol. 88, No. 22 (February 2, 2023), pp. 7236–7281, https://www. govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-02-02/pdf/2023-01981.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). — 502 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise 71. 42 U.S. Code § 238n, https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/238n (accessed March 17, 2023). 72. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, “Early Childhood Health,” last reviewed October 2022, https://mchb.hrsa.gov/programs-impact/focus-areas/early- childhood-health (accessed March 17, 2023). 73. American Pregnancy Association, “Having a Doula—What Are the Benefits?” https://americanpregnancy. org/healthy-pregnancy/labor-and-birth/having-a-doula/#:~:text=Other%20studies%20have%20shown%20 that%20having%20a%20doula,massage%20to%20reduce%20stress%20and%20anxiety%20during%20labor (accessed March 17, 2023). 74. S. 2372, VA MISSION [Maintaining Internal Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks] Act of 2018, Public Law No. 115-182, 115th Congress, June 6, 2018, https://www.congress.gov/115/plaws/publ182/ PLAW-115publ182.pdf (accessed March 17, 2023). 75. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, “Securing Updated and Necessary Statutory Evaluations Timely,” Final Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 86, No. 11 (January 19, 2021), pp. 5694–5764, https://www.govinfo. gov/content/pkg/FR-2021-01-19/pdf/2021-00597.pdf (accessed March 22, 2023). 76. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Secretary, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, “Compliance with Statutory Program Integrity Requirements,” Final Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 42 (March 4, 2029), pp. 7714–7791, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2019-03-04/pdf/2019-03461.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 77. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Secretary, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, “Ensuring Access to Equitable, Affordable, Client-Centered, Quality Family Planning Services,” Final Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 86, No. 192 (October 7, 2021), pp. 56144–56180, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/ pkg/FR-2021-10-07/pdf/2021-21542.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 78. S. 624, Title X Abortion Provider Prohibition Act, 118th Congress, introduced March 2, 2023, https://www. congress.gov/118/bills/s624/BILLS-118s624is.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 79. 50 U.S. Code Chapter 55, https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/chapter-55 (accessed March 22, 2023). 80. 18 U.S. Code § 13, https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/13 (accessed March 18, 2023). 81. Bowen v. American Hospital Association, 476 U.S. 610 (1986), https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/ usrep/usrep476/usrep476610/usrep476610.pdf (accessed 22, 2023). 82. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Secretary, “Notification of Interpretation and Enforcement of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972,” Federal Register, Vol. 86, No. 99 (May 25, 2021), pp. 27984–27985, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR- 2021-05-25/pdf/2021-10477.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 83. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights, “HHS Notice and Guidance on Gender Affirming Care, Civil Rights, and Patient Privacy,” March 2, 2022, https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/hhs- ocr-notice-and-guidance-gender-affirming-care.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 84. Heckler v. Chaney, 420 U.S. 821 (1985), https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/470/821.html (accessed March 18, 2022). 85. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights, “Guidance to Nation’s Retail Pharmacies: Obligations Under Federal Civil Rights Laws to Ensure Access to Comprehensive Reproductive Health Care Services,” content last reviewed July 14, 2022, https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/ special-topics/reproductive-healthcare/pharmacies-guidance/index.html (accessed March 18, 2023). 86. H.R. 3103, “Health Insurance and Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, Public Law No. 104-191, 104th Congress, August 21, 1996, https://www.congress.gov/104/plaws/publ191/PLAW-104publ191.pdf (accessed March 18, 2023). 87. U.S. Department of Human Services, “HIPAA Privacy Rule and Disclosures of Information Relating to Reproductive Health Care,” content last reviewed June 29, 2022, (accessed March 18, 2023). See also “Protecting the Privacy and Security of Your Health Information When Using Your Personal Cell Phone or Tablet,” content last reviewed June 29, 2022, https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/guidance/ cell-phone-hipaa/index.html (accessed March 18, 2023).

Department of Homeland Security

Minimal

Vector: 60%

Pages: 177-179AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill focuses on addressing historical trauma from Indian Boarding Schools through truth, healing, and accountability for Native American communities, whereas the Project 2025 DHS section concerns immigration enforcement, denaturalization, and agency restructuring; there is no substantive thematic or policy overlap."

— 144 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise prosecuting criminal and civil denaturalization cases, in combination with the Department of Justice, for aliens who obtained citizenship through fraud or other illicit means. Additionally, USCIS should create a criminal enforcement compo- nent within the agency to investigate immigration benefits fraud under Title 8 (perhaps requiring additional legislative and regulatory authorities for the offi- cers themselves) and to prosecute cases through Special Assistant U.S. Attorneys (SAUSAs) with substantive knowledge in the field. Particular attention should be given to addressing increasing incidents of forced labor trafficking in temporary work visa programs. While the Biden regulatory agenda has focused on at least two major rules—the credible fear rule and the public charge rule—USCIS has utilized other policy and internal procedural mechanisms to extend employment authorization to large groups of people who are in the country without legal status. The agency has taken quiet steps to cut corners and lessen adjudicatory standards. During a tran- sition period, a complete audit of agency policies, memoranda, and management directives issued during the Biden Administration should be completed, and rescis- sion documents should be prepared for issuance within the first few days of the incoming Administration. Additionally, regulatory documents should be drafted to review or reverse all regulations promulgated during the Biden Administration. New Policies To advance the national interest, the three core immigration agencies—USCIS, ICE, and CBP—should remerge and have immigration elements outside of DHS (such as ORR of HHS) included. The fragmented immigration enforcement frame- work that developed in the wake of the Homeland Security Act has weakened each agency and should be remediated. Combining these critical agencies would strengthen their capabilities, ensure cooperation, and promote information-shar- ing. Agency responsibilities and the delineation of authorities, such as inconsistent use of deferred action and issuance of NTAs by each agency, have long been a point of contention that would be addressed much more easily if they were recombined into a single entity. Alternatively, new policies for USCIS as it currently exists should focus on mat- ters that can be addressed through administrative action. l The workforce should be realigned and, as necessary, retrained on base eligibility and fraud detection rather than speed in processing. l Training should be returned to Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC), which would underscore the enforcement role of USCIS as a vetting agency, and be rebranded accordingly. — 145 — Department of Homeland Security l Management Directives and policies should realign to ensure that the workforce, while adaptable and able to handle the bulk of the USCIS mission, is not allowed to be pulled off mission work to focus on unlawful programs (DACA, mass parole for Afghans, Ukrainians, Venezuelans, etc.), which divert resources away from nuclear family and employment programs. The regulatory agenda should include the immediate submission of notices of proposed rulemaking for the Trump Administration’s public charge rule (includ- ing aspects from its original notice of proposed rulemaking), temporary work visa reform, employment authorization reform rules, asylum bars rule, and a third-country transit rule. At a minimum, an enhanced regulatory agenda should include rules strengthening the integrity of the asylum system, parole reform, and U visa reform that prioritizes relief for victims of heinous crimes and ensures that we protect the truest and most deserving victims of crime. Not all policy changes require formal rulemaking, however, as internal guidance documents are generally exempt under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA).7 In this subregulatory space, USCIS policy memos and operational guidance should reduce the validity of employment authorization documents and end the COVID flexibilities, including the reliance on biometrics reuse. USCIS should also enforce existing regulations by rejecting incomplete applications and petitions, ensuring both that they are completed before accepted for filing and that FDNS signs off on all approved applications and petitions before approval notices are sent to the alien or petitioner. Other efforts should be focused on adjudication standards returning to nearly 100 percent interview requirements for all appropriate cases. The incoming Administration should spearhead an immigration legislative agenda focused on creating a merit-based immigration system that rewards high- skilled aliens instead of the current system that favors extended family–based and luck-of-the-draw immigration. To that end, the diversity visa lottery should be repealed, chain migration should be ended while focusing on the nuclear family, and the existing employment visa program should be replaced with a system to award visas only to the “best and brightest.” Internal efforts to limit employment authorization should be matched by con- gressional action to narrow statutory eligibility to work in the United States and mitigate unfair employment competition for U.S. citizens. The oft-abused H-1B program should be transformed into an elite program through which employers are vying to bring in only the top foreign workers at the highest wages so as not to depress American opportunities. Additionally, Congress should: l Improve the integrity of the temporary work visa programs; l Repeal Temporary Protected Status (TPS) designations;

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Minimal

Vector: 60%

Pages: 548-550AI Enhanced

AI Analysis:

"The bill establishes a Truth and Healing Commission to address historical trauma from Indian Boarding Schools, focusing on accountability, healing, and tribal self-determination. The Project 2025 HUD section focuses on housing market reforms, opposing DEI/ESG initiatives, reducing regulatory barriers to construction, and shifting homelessness policy away from Housing First—there is no thematic or policy overlap."

— 515 — Department of Housing and Urban Development 25. Process must prioritize where political leadership can implement administrative reforms through regulatory action and subregulatory guidance reforms. 26. China and other foreign nations should not be able to disrupt our nation’s housing markets, including by artificially driving up prices and reducing affordability and access to housing for Americans who are crowded out of the market by such market participation. 27. These initiatives are maintained under such designations as diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI); critical race theory (CRT); black, indigenous, Pacific Islander, and other people of color (BIPOC); and environmental, social, and governance (ESG). 28. At a minimum, these efforts duplicate what the federal government already collects and assesses; at worst, they institute arbitrary procedures in real estate appraisal practices that undermine integrity and perversely introduce arbitrary biases into what should be an unbiased system for determining financial value. 29. Revise regulatory and subregulatory guidance, where applicable within statutory authorities, that adds unnecessary delay and costs to the construction and development of new housing and has been estimated to account for about 40 percent of new housing unit costs in multifamily housing. 30. The Biden Administration has issued a proposed rule to replace the Trump Administration’s “Preserving Community and Neighborhood Choice” rule that had repealed earlier rules expanding AFFH enforcement. See U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Fair Housing, “Preserving Community and Neighborhood Choice,” Final Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 85, No. 153 (August 7, 2020), pp. 47899–47912, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-08-07/pdf/2020-16320.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023), and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of the Secretary, “Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing,” Proposed Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 88, No. 27 (February 9, 2023), pp. 8516–8590, https://www. govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-07-16/pdf/2015-17032.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). 31. Certain pilot initiatives may encourage greater take-up of loan products designed for faster equity accumulation, including loans with shorter terms and accelerated amortization schedules. In concept, the FHA’s Home Equity Accelerator Loan (HEAL) and Good Neighbor Next Door (GNND) pilot initiatives might lead to meaningful wealth generation for first-time buyers, but they should be available to all eligible households only when they do not arbitrarily discriminate based on race or other characteristics. 32. Housing supply does remain a problem in the U.S., but constructing more units at the low end of the market will not solve the problem. Investors and developers can deliver at more efficient cost new units that will allow for greater upward mobility of rental and ownership housing stock and better target increased construction of mid-tier rental units. Further, and more fundamental to the housing supply challenge in markets across the U.S., localities can consider revising land use, zoning, and building regulations that constrict new housing development, adding time delays and costs that impede construction. Federal housing policy should get out of the way where possible and minimize the distortive impact that stimulating greater demand through loose lending can have in driving up housing prices for households that are looking for affordable entry into the housing market. 33. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of the Secretary, “Housing and Community Development Act of 1980: Verification of Eligible Status,” Proposed Rule, Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 91 (May 10, 2019), pp. 20589–20595, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2019-05-10/pdf/2019-09566.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). 34. Reforms should contemplate rent payment flexibilities, allow escrow savings, and set maximum term limits that can reduce implicit penalties for increasing household incomes over eligibility terms for housing assistance and reweight waiting-list prioritization for two-parent households. 35. Some PHAs have been able to implement work requirements and term limit policies in various congressionally authorized demonstration programs, notably the Moving to Work (MTW) demonstration program established in 1996 for 39 PHAs (Congress has since authorized another 100 PHAs) in which participating MTW PHAs were given authority to implement rent reforms, work requirements and other experimental policies in rental assistance programs along with flexibilities in the use of capital and operating appropriations. 36. The FSS program has a general five-year term with a possible two-year extension, which could be applied at the term limit for overall benefits, and certain PHAs have imposed five-year to seven-year term limits. Families in these programs build escrow savings during their term eligibility that helps to facilitate successful transitions to family self-sufficiency and unassisted housing. — 516 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise 37. HUD should implement administrative changes in regulation and guidance and seek statutory authority to end all Housing First directives of Continuum of Care (CoC) grantees and contract homelessness providers in addition to establishing restrictions on local Housing First policies where HUD grant funds are used. 38. The U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH) was established in the 1990s, and numerous Administrations have devoted enormous resources to the Housing First model, experimenting with various ways to provide federally financed rapid rehousing and permanent housing opportunities. Housing First is a far-left idea premised on the belief that homelessness is primarily circumstantial rather than behavioral. The Housing First answer to homelessness is to give someone a house instead of attempting to understand the underlying causes of homelessness. Federal intervention centered on Housing First has failed to acknowledge that resolving the issue of homelessness is often a matter of resolving mental health and substance abuse challenges. Instead of the permanent supportive housing proffered by Housing First, a conservative Administration should shift to transitional housing with a focus on addressing the underlying issues that cause homelessness in the first place. 39. The Senate Low-Income First-Time Homebuyers (LIFT) Act would address this policy goal. See S. 2797, Low-Income First-Time Homebuyers Act of 2021 (LIFT Homebuyers Act of 2021), 117th Congress, introduced September 22, 2021, https://www.congress.gov/117/bills/s2797/BILLS-117s2797is.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). 40. FHA did not facilitate the widespread use of 30-year mortgages until the 1950s when, interacting with Federal Reserve policies, federal agencies began broader adoption of the mortgages, which, despite lowering the monthly repayment terms, result in slow equity accumulation and wealth-building opportunities. 41. The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 fundamentally revised the scope of federal regulation in the nation’s housing finance system, placing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under the purview of a newly established Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) and establishing a Housing Trust Fund (HTF) that is administered in the HUD Office of Community Planning and Development. See H.R. 3221, Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, Public Law No. 110-289, 110th Congress, July 30, 2008, https://www.congress. gov/110/plaws/publ289/PLAW-110publ289.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). 42. Guiding questions: What reforms should be proposed that could be accomplished within five years? What reforms can be done administratively, and what reforms would need legislative authorization? Are there functions that HUD administers that could be achieved more effectively at another department or agency? What big-picture reforms should be proposed that might take more than five years that would reorganize HUD and its programs to meet the objectives in the vision or mission? What would occur in the absence of these public finance subsidies? How much crowd-out do these subsidies create in the market? Would America be a seriously underhoused nation without these subsidies? Who are the policies intended to benefit? What organizational changes must be made? 43. The Faircloth Amendment (Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998) amended the Housing Act of 1937 to maintain public housing units at 1999 levels, preventing housing authorities from maintaining more public housing than they did then. H.R. 4194, Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, Public Law No. 105-276, 105th Congress, October 21, 1998, Title V, https://www.congress.gov/105/plaws/publ276/PLAW-105publ276.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). In recent years, the statutory restriction on new construction of public housing units has been circumvented through some narrow uses of preservation programs such as the Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program, initially authorized in 2012 and reauthorized several times since under higher program unit conversion caps. Congress also provided paths for renewal and continuation of a portion of existing public housing; project/site-based housing stock (refinancing with long-term HAP contract commitments); and Section 8 units through the Multifamily Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997 (MAHRA). H.R. 2158, Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, Public Law No. 105-65, 105th Congress, October 27, 1997, Title V, https://www.congress.gov/105/plaws/publ65/PLAW-105publ65.pdf (accessed March 5, 2023). 44. As the evolution of HUD rental assistance transitions away from the public housing model toward housing choice vouchers, there should be adequate landlord participation to ensure that the supply of housing units for rent in these programs meets the demand for rent among eligible tenants. This issue has been addressed in various ways, including by a task force instituted at the department during the Trump Administration, but could likely remain a challenge in the administration of the program.

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About These Correlations

Policy matches are calculated using a hybrid approach: initial candidates are found using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text, then an AI model (Llama 3.1 70B) provides detailed alignment ratings and analysis. Ratings range from 1 (minimal alignment) to 5 (very strong alignment). This analysis does not imply direct causation or intent.

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