The bill
Mining Waste, Fraud, and Abuse Prevention Act of 2025
S. 859, 119th Congress — read as touching Oil & Gas.
Sponsored by
Sen. Luján, Ben Ray [D-NM]
ID: L000570
Follow the money
The bill
S. 859, 119th Congress — read as touching Oil & Gas.
The sponsor
Every bill has someone who introduced it. That name is where the paper trail starts.
The alignment
This bill's text tracks the "Introduction" section, p. 569-571 of the Mandate for Leadership.
Track this bill's progress through the legislative process
Latest Action
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 119-46.
March 11, 2025
📍 Current Status
Next: The bill moves to the floor for full chamber debate and voting.
1. Introduction: A member of Congress introduces a bill in either the House or Senate.
2. Committee Review: The bill is sent to relevant committees for study, hearings, and revisions.
3. Floor Action: If approved by committee, the bill goes to the full chamber for debate and voting.
4. Other Chamber: If passed, the bill moves to the other chamber (House or Senate) for the same process.
5. Conference: If both chambers pass different versions, a conference committee reconciles the differences.
6. Presidential Action: The President can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action.
7. Became Law: If signed (or if Congress overrides a veto), the bill becomes law!
Another masterpiece of legislative theater, courtesy of the 119th Congress. The "Mining Waste, Fraud, and Abuse Prevention Act of 2025" - a title that screams "we're doing something good for the environment!" while actually being a thinly veiled attempt to line the pockets of special interest groups.
Let's dissect this monstrosity:
**New Regulations:**
* Modified requirements for locatable minerals on public domain land (because who needs clear definitions, anyway?) * New fees and royalties for mining activities (because the government always needs more money) * Increased permitting and inspection requirements (because bureaucracy loves to suffocate innovation)
**Affected Industries and Sectors:**
* Mining companies (obviously) * Environmental groups (who will likely be placated by the bill's title, but not its actual content) * Native American tribes (whose lands are often rich in minerals, and who will probably get screwed over once again)
**Compliance Requirements and Timelines:**
* Claim holders must comply with new regulations within 2 years of enactment (good luck with that) * Permit applications must be submitted at least 6 months prior to commencement of mining activities (because the government loves to slow down progress) * Annual reports and inspections will be required for all mining operations (because who doesn't love a good paperwork exercise?)
**Enforcement Mechanisms and Penalties:**
* The Secretary of the Interior can impose fines up to $100,000 per day for non-compliance (chump change for big mining companies) * Revocation of permits and licenses is possible, but only after a lengthy appeals process (because due process is overrated)
**Economic and Operational Impacts:**
* Increased costs for mining companies will likely be passed on to consumers * Reduced competitiveness for US mining companies in the global market * More bureaucratic red tape will stifle innovation and job creation
In conclusion, this bill is a perfect example of legislative malpractice. It's a Frankenstein's monster of special interest groups, bureaucratic overreach, and environmental lip service. The real disease here is corruption, folks - the corrupting influence of money and power on our politicians.
Now, if you'll excuse me, I have better things to do than watch this train wreck unfold.
No campaign finance data available for Sen. Luján, Ben Ray [D-NM]
This bill has 10 cosponsors. Below are their top campaign contributors.
ID: B001267
Top Contributors
10
ID: B001288
Top Contributors
10
ID: H001046
Top Contributors
10
ID: M000133
Top Contributors
10
ID: M001176
Top Contributors
10
ID: P000145
Top Contributors
10
ID: S000033
Top Contributors
10
ID: V000128
Top Contributors
10
ID: W000817
Top Contributors
10
ID: W000779
Top Contributors
10
Hub layout: Politicians in center, donors arranged by type in rings around them.
Showing 15 nodes and 15 connections
Total contributions: $58,800
Which industries are materially affected by specific provisions in this bill. 1 helped, 5 harmed.
The bill imposes royalties (5-8% of gross income) on locatable minerals, which includes oil and gas extracted from public domain land under the general mining laws (Sec. 201). This increases costs for oil and gas producers operating on federal land, harming the industry.
Coal is a locatable mineral under the bill's definition (Sec. 2(13)), and the royalty requirement (Sec. 201) applies to its production, increasing costs for coal mining operations on federal land.
Uranium is a locatable mineral (Sec. 2(13)), and the bill subjects its production to royalties (Sec. 201) and reclamation fees (Sec. 402), increasing costs for nuclear fuel producers. Sec. 505 also mandates a review of uranium development, potentially leading to stricter regulations.
The bill allows reclamation to support 'other beneficial uses that conform to applicable land use plans (including, if appropriate, the generation of renewable energy)' (Sec. 306(a)(2)), creating opportunities for renewable energy development on reclaimed mining sites.
Pipeline and midstream operators that rely on locatable minerals (e.g., for materials or processing) would face higher costs due to royalties (Sec. 201) and fees (Sec. 102, 402), harming the energy infrastructure sector.
Electric utilities that own or operate mining claims for locatable minerals (e.g., for coal or uranium used in power generation) would face increased costs from royalties (Sec. 201) and reclamation fees (Sec. 402), harming their operations.
This bill shows semantic similarity to the following sections of the Project 2025 policy document.
— 537 — Department of the Interior l A significant percentage of critical minerals needed by the United States is on Indian lands, but the Biden Administration has actively discouraged development of critical mineral mining projects on Indian lands rather than assisting in their advancement. l Despite Indian nations having primary responsibility for their lands and environment and responsibility for the safety of their communities, the Biden Administration is reversing efforts to put Indian nations in charge of environmental regulation on their own lands. Moreover, Biden Administration policies, including those of the DOI, have dis- proportionately impacted American Indians and Indian nations. l By its failure to secure the border, the Biden Administration has robbed Indian nations on or near the Mexican border of safe and secure communities while permitting them to be swamped by a tide of illegal drugs, particularly fentanyl. l When ending COVID protocols at Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) schools, Biden’s DOI failed to ensure an accurate accounting of students returning from school shutdowns, which presents a significant danger to the families that trust their children to that federal agency. l The BIE is not reporting student academic assessment data to ensure parents and the larger tribal communities know their children are learning and are receiving a quality education. The new Administration must take the following actions to fulfill the nation’s trust responsibilities to American Indians and Indian nations: l End the war on fossil fuels and domestically available minerals and facilitate their development on lands owned by Indians and Indian nations. l End federal mandates and subsidies of electric vehicles. l Restore the right of tribal governments to enforce environmental regulation on their lands. l Secure the nation’s border to protect the sovereignty and safety of tribal lands. — 538 — Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise l Overhaul BIE schools to put parents and their children first. Finally, the new Administration should seek congressional reauthorization of the Land Buy-Back Program for Tribal Nations,96 which provided a $1.9 bil- lion Trust Land Consolidation Fund to purchase fractional interests in trust or restricted land from willing sellers at fair market value, but which sunsets Novem- ber 24, 2022. New funds should come from the Great American Outdoors Act.97 AUTHOR’S NOTE: The preparation of this chapter was a collective enterprise of individuals involved in the 2025 Presidential Transition Project. All contributors to this chapter are listed at the front of this volume, but some deserve special mention. Kathleen Sgamma, Dan Kish, and Katie Tubb wrote the section on energy in its entirety. I received thoughtful, knowledgeable, and swift assistance from Aubrey Bettencourt, Mark Cruz, Lanny Erdos, Aurelia S. Giacometto, Casey Hammond, Jim Magagna, Chad Padgett, Jim Pond, Rob Roy Ramey II, Kyle E. Scherer, Tara Sweeney, John Tahsuda, Rob Wallace, and Gregory Zerzan. The author alone assumes responsibility for the content of this chapter; no views expressed herein should be attributed to any other individual.
Policy matches are calculated using semantic similarity between bill summaries and Project 2025 policy text. A score of 60% or higher indicates meaningful thematic overlap. This does not imply direct causation or intent, but highlights areas where legislation aligns with Project 2025 policy objectives.
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